United States Reemerges as Leading Arms Supplier to the Developing World
By Rachel Stohl, Senior Analyst
On Sept. 26, 2007, the Congressional Research Service released the most recent version of its annual arms transfer report, “Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1999-2006.” For the period 2003-2006, the United States ranks as the world’s largest exporter of arms to developing nations, and regained its place atop the list of arms exporting nations (in 2005 the United States fell behind Russia and France to place third in terms of new arms export agreements concluded with developing nations). In 2006, the United States concluded $10.3 billion – nearly 36 percent of all arms transfer agreements with the developing world (up from $6.2 billion in agreements in 2005). Russia, last year’s leading exporter to developing nations, placed second with $8.1 billion (approximately 28 percent of new agreements) and the United Kingdom was third with $3.1 billion (nearly 11 percent) in new deals with the developing world.
According to the report, the developing world accounts for 71.5 percent of new arms transfer agreements. Total arms deliveries to these areas made up nearly 74 percent of all global arms deliveries. Arms transfer agreements worldwide amounted to $40.3 billion in 2006, a 13 percent decrease from 2005 totals. Global arms deliveries totaled $27 billion in 2006.
The CRS report (also known as the Grimmett report after its author, CRS Specialist in National Defense Richard Grimmett) defines developing nations as all countries except the United States, Russia, the European nations, Canada, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand. The report examines 14 categories of conventional weapons: tanks and self propelled guns, artillery, armored personnel carriers and armored cars, major surface combatants, minor surface combatants, submarines, guided missile patrol boats, supersonic combat aircraft, subsonic combat aircraft, other aircraft, helicopters, surface to air missiles, surface to surface missiles, and anti ship missiles.
The United States remained the number one arms exporter in the world – both in terms of global agreements and deliveries in 2006, making $16.9 billion worth of new arms agreements in 2006 (41.9 percent of the global total), up from its 2005 total of $13.5 billion. Russia was second in global arms agreements with $8.7 billion, and the United Kingdom was third with $3.1 billion. Together, the United States, Russia, and United Kingdom were responsible for 71.2 percent of global arms agreements, worth $28.7 billion in 2006.The United States made nearly 52 percent of global arms deliveries in 2006, worth $14 billion. Russia was again second with $5.8 billion and the United Kingdom third with $3.3 billion in global arms deliveries.
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