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This seems to be a monthly question, and as usual I have a monthly answer.
Basically, the military can only have so many people in it.
It's more detailed than that, so let's get into it. There are three basic kinds of soldiers:
1. Combat Arms troops are the ones who actually carry the fight to the enemy. These guys (most of them are men) include the Infantry, Field Artillery, Air Defense Artillery, Cavalry, Aviation, and Combat Engineers. 2. Combat Support troops perform functions such as Signal, Military Intelligence, Chemical and Military Police. 3. Combat Service Support troops do supply, maintenance and administration.
Let's throw out a number: 600,000. We will say the Army's Fiscal Year Endstrength, the number of troops who can be in the army on September 30, is 600,000. This isn't absolute; if September 15 rolls around and there are 601,250 troops in the army, no one is going to call up 1250 units and say, "quick! Find the worst fuckup you have and chapter him out right now!" However, if the army wants 60,000 of those 600,000 troops to be infantry and right now there are 40,000 infantrymen, they can't go to Congress and ask for their endstrength to be bumped up by 20,000. Or more exactly, they could but it wouldn't ever happen. They've got to take 20,000 slots, convert them to infantry, find 20,000 men who can't get promoted, and offer them a chance to retrain as grunts. The only place they can legitimately pull 20,000 guys out of is the combat service support force--because it's the only place they can legally replace soldiers with civilians. Say you were a tactical microwave systems operator. You're a soldier. If they were to turn you into an infantryman and put a civilian in your microwave van, if the thing got overrun that civilian would legally be either a mercenary (who you're allowed to execute) or a spy (who you're legally REQUIRED to execute). But a guy driving a forklift at a base camp 90 miles from the forward edge of the battle area can be a civilian, no problem at all.
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