Reply #2: loss of under/over votes by hand counting is impossible - indeed one

[papau]

determines under/over votes by hand counting.

The definition of over/under votes is that intent could not be determined until there was a hand count (or in terms of punch cards - a hand inspection).

The most common pick up is the write-in for the same name as is checked elsewhere on the ballot, the easy to read by hand vote that the machine could not read, and the slightly misspelled name that is easy to identify as a write in candidate. Also stray marks that are used to make machine read fail, put on the ballot by the GOP vote counter, can be noted and ignored in the hand recount.