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HereSince1628

(36,063 posts)
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 11:00 AM Mar 2013

Normal behaviour, or mental illness? (more concern about the new DSM)

http://www2.macleans.ca/2013/03/19/is-she-a-brat-or-is-she-sick/

Temper tantrum, or ‘disruptive mood dysregulation disorder’? A look at the new psychiatric guidelines that are pitting doctors against doctors
by Anne Kingston on Tuesday, March 19, 2013


Every parent of a preteen has been there: on the receiving end of sullen responses, bursts of frustration or anger, even public tantrums that summon the fear that Children’s Aid is on its way. Come late May, with the publication of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), however, such sustained cranky behaviour could put your child at risk of a diagnosis of “disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.” This newly minted condition will afflict children between 6 and 12 who exhibit persistent irritability and “frequent” outbursts, defined as three or more times a week for more than a year. Its original name, “temper dysregulation disorder with dysphoria,” was nixed after it garnered criticism it pathologized “temper tantrums,” a normal childhood occurrence. Others argue that even with the name change the new definition and diagnosis could do just that.

“Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder” isn’t the only new condition under scrutiny in the reference manual owned and produced by the American Psychiatric Association (APA)—and lauded as psychiatry’s bible. Even though the final version of DSM-5 remains under embargo, its message is being decried in some quarters as blasphemous. Its various public drafts, the third published last year, have stoked international outrage—and a flurry of op-ed columns, studies, blogs and petitions. In October 2011, for instance, the Society for Humanistic Psychology drafted an open letter to the DSM task force that morphed into an online petition signed by more than 14,000 mental health professionals and 50 organizations, including the American Counseling Association and the British Psychology Society.

<snip>

Other updates to DSM-5, the first full revision in nearly two decades, have raised red flags. Forgetting where you put your keys or other memory lapses, a fact of aging formerly shrugged off as “a senior moment,” could portend “minor neurocognitive disorder,” a shift destined to also stoke anxiety. Anyone who overeats once a week for three weeks could have a “binge-eating disorder.” Women not turned on sexually by their partners or particularly interested in sex are candidates for “female sexual interest/arousal disorder.” Nail-biters join the ranks of the obsessive-compulsive, alongside those with other “pathological grooming habits” such as “hair-pulling” and “skin-picking.”

<snip>

DSM-5 represents a step back in mental health care, says psychologist Peter Kinderman, head of the Institute of Psychology, Health and Society at the University of Liverpool. Kinderman, who is organizing an international letter of objection to DSM-5 to be posted on dsm5response.org, which launches March 20, believes many new DSM classifications, among them “female orgasmic disorder,” defy common sense. “If you’re not enjoying sex, it’s a problem, but it’s crazy to say it’s a mental illness,” he says. He also questions the new criteria for alcohol and drug “substance-use disorders.” “According to it, 40 to 50 per cent of college students should be considered mentally ill.” Such diagnoses interfere with the human helping response, says Kinderman. “When women get raped, it’s traumatic; when soldiers go to war, they come back emotionally affected. We don’t need the new label, ‘post-traumatic stress disorder,’ ” he says. “We should identify risk, identify problems, identify the threats people have and then we need to help them.”

<snip/more>

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Maybe in Liverpool you can look at PTSD as "a new label" that isn't needed. In the US I think, not so.


14 replies = new reply since forum marked as read
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TM99

(8,352 posts)
1. As a psychologist, I agree with Dr. Kinderman completely.
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 12:06 PM
Mar 2013

PTSD is a disorder. That means that it manifests in different ways for different individuals. To lump it into one category for insurance and medication purposes will miss some who are experiencing it and stigmatize others who are but may overcome some of the dysfunction but not all of it. For example, a soldier suffering from PTSD may be having violent episodes sometimes bordering on even the psychotic. Another individual like a rape victim may instead be experiencing profound depression. Two different and unique expressions that demand personalized care and healing not an umbrella diagnosis and a quick fix drug.

After all of the changes to the DSM, I no longer use it. When I restarted my practice after an illness and recovery, I consciously made the decision not to accept insurance. I work with clients to determine reasonable costs for sessions needed. I am also now not forced to diagnose and label them by the DSM rubrics and instead can focus on effective & skillful solutions for their real & unique problems.

dixiegrrrrl

(60,010 posts)
2. I applaud your common sense decision to avoid the DSM catagories.
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 12:29 PM
Mar 2013

Which, as you point out, are tied into insurance payments.
and I am grateful the ability to practice without resorting to DSM definitions is still an option.

 

TM99

(8,352 posts)
5. Thank you.
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 01:35 PM
Mar 2013

While it is possible to practice this way, I must admit it is not always easy. I must often turn away potential clients simply because they can't afford to pay out of pocket even at sliding scale rates, and I do not take insurance. My practice is not as thriving as it was years ago, but honestly it is more fulfilling.

One issue that seems counter-intuitive that I have run into is the fact that many whom I see who have dealt with issues for many years are quite attached to their diagnoses. Parents who insist that their child will be as he is because he is autistic, yet I am only concerned with helping the boy to be happier and more integrated into his world. Abuse victims who cling to a diagnosis of PTSD or depression rather than accepting my challenge to find new ways to act, communicate, or live now not 20 years in the past. Rarely will they quite therapy with me, however, it can take some doing to get through the attachment to being 'mentally ill' and instead focusing on here & now approaches both physically and mentally to happiness.

Psychology and the medical model are poor bed fellows in my opinion.

 

TM99

(8,352 posts)
10. I am not the only one in my area who practices this way.
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 01:59 PM
Mar 2013

Quite a growing number of psychotherapists are fed-up with insurance dictates and the medical model. The DSM V will be icing on the cake.

In a growing number of cases, my sliding scale fee is commiserate with the co-pay of many insurance plans. The problem is also that most insurance plans limit the number of sessions per year that a client may utilize.

Has my income changed since doing this? Absolutely! I have definitely had to change my life-style and the income of my partner is important for us both to have a nice life together. It is tough some times for sure. However, I would never choose to go back to taking insurance and my love supports this decision.

cbayer

(146,218 posts)
11. Oh, I don't blame you at all, but it is not helping the problem
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 02:02 PM
Mar 2013

of access to care, particularly for those with little or no money for treatment.

I am hopeful that we are moving towards universal coverage and parity for those with mental health needs.

 

TM99

(8,352 posts)
12. I understand.
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 02:09 PM
Mar 2013

Sometimes all we can do is our best to help. I do work when I can for free clinics as well as offering low cost classes for mindfulness practices and other such techniques.

Sadly, I do not see universal coverage and socialized medical care psychological or physical any time in the near future in this country. What chance their was was blown with the passage of the ACA. I will eat my hat if it occurs during my lifetime.

HereSince1628

(36,063 posts)
3. Which DSM version is it that you don't use? A version of DSM-IV, DSM-III?
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 12:37 PM
Mar 2013

Have you abandoned all versions of the DSM? Do you instead use the ICD-10, or do you rely merely upon your best judgement?

I suspect that this could make you and your practice vulnerable to claims of deviating from standard or best practice.
Did/does the company that underwrites your malpractice insurance have a problem with stepping away from the DSM?







 

TM99

(8,352 posts)
4. Contrary to popular belief,
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 01:22 PM
Mar 2013

there are other models than the medical one.

The medical model uses the DSM and the alternative ICD-10. I spent the first part of my career contorting my humanistic training and basic model of psychological well-being into the medical model in order to receive insurance and work for hospitals & clinics. I have now stopped that. All therapists whether they use the DSM or as I do, the PDM, rely upon their best judgement when making a diagnosis. A good psychologist like myself continues to utilize a supervisor and the community of peers when necessary when working with young or old in one's office. In the medical model the diagnosis is the patient, and the patient is the diagnosis. In the humanistic model, a diagnosis is a working theory used by the therapist or treatment team only in order to provide individual care and treatment for that unique individual. It is dynamic and not a static diagnosis that will follow a person on their medical record for the rest of their life.

I have both a Masters and a Ph.D. in counseling psychology. I have been licensed for almost 25 years. I have practical training, supervision, and training analysis in several psychodynamic, psychoanalytic, and somatic schools. I also integrate mindfulness practices from the Buddhist path I follow. I am a member in good standing of the APA with membership and activity in several divisions. I have been quite critical of the APA in recent years for various reasons including the torture issues, however, I still maintain my membership and plan to do so for the foreseeable future. I have never had a problem getting any form of malpractice insurance even now when I do not use the DSM.

HereSince1628

(36,063 posts)
8. I appreciate that psychodynamics stands more alongside than within the APA.
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 01:45 PM
Mar 2013

I also appreciate that Mindfulness and teachings of Kabat Zinn are incorporated as tools into psychodynamics.

 

TM99

(8,352 posts)
9. Yes, the APA was founded by psychodynamic professionals
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 01:54 PM
Mar 2013

but now we do walk in parallel. To be licensed in most states as a psychologist does require APA membership.

Mindfulness based therapies are being used even within the medical model now. I am involved in teaching a 10 week program to MD's in the techniques and their uses for themselves and their patients.

HereSince1628

(36,063 posts)
13. I guess I'm still somewhat in the same place...is your malparcatice insurance co.
Tue Mar 19, 2013, 03:09 PM
Mar 2013

indifferent to whether you follow a diagnostic manual, or none?

 

TM99

(8,352 posts)
14. Malpractice insurance companies
Wed Mar 20, 2013, 01:40 AM
Mar 2013

that I have worked with are only concerned that I am validly licensed by my state which means I attended an APA approved institution and have all of the requisite training and internship hours required by my state board to practice.

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