I started from the US DOL site and found this link.
http://www.ldol.state.la.us/job_laborlawfaq.asp?Portal=WRK<snip> Questions about Louisiana Labor Laws
Are there any legal restrictions against firing, suspending or disciplining employees?
Louisiana is known as an employment-at-will state. Generally, this means that an employer may legally hire, fire, suspend or discipline any employee at any time and for any reason - good or bad - or for no reason at all. However, an employer may not discriminate against any employee on the basis of the employee's race, sex, age, religion, color, national origin, or disability. Louisiana law also prohibits discrimination on the basis of pregnancy or childbirth, sickle cell trait, handicap, and smoking.
Also, under the Louisiana "whistle blower's law", the employer may not take any reprisal against an employee who advises the employer that the business is in violation of a law and the employee either discloses, threatens to disclose, or testifies about the violation of law, or the employee objects to or refuses to participate in an employment act in violation of law. This law may be found at Louisiana Revised Statutes (R.S.) 23:967 and 30:2027.
There are other exceptions to Louisiana's employment-at-will doctrine. Louisiana employees may not be disciplined or discharged at-will for:
Being called to military service
Political opinions or voting
Exercising right of association
Wage garnishment
Filing workers' compensation claim
Being called to jury duty
(Employer must also pay the employee one day's wages during the jury service.)
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