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"Republicans, emboldened by bigger majorities in the House and Senate, believe this is the best chance they've had to finally pass a bill since 1995, when Congress approved drilling only to have it vetoed by President Clinton.
Critics point to their own changes. Foremost is a pronounced lack of interest in ANWR from some big oil companies. BP, ConocoPhillips and ChevronTexaco have withdrawn from Arctic Power, the business coalition formed to lobby for drilling in ANWR. Among big oil companies, only Exxon Mobil Corp. remains. Thus the battle lines are set. Supporters, including President Bush, say opening ANWR is a crucial first step toward easing the United States' reliance on foreign sources of oil. With modern technology, they say, the job can be done without harming ANWR's unique wildlife.
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No one knows for certain how much oil lies beneath ANWR. Industry officials estimate the total is between 6 billion barrels and 16 billion barrels. Opponents dispute those numbers as wild guesses. Even if ANWR is awash in oil, it isn't enough to make a dent in the nation's energy needs or to offset the dangers of drilling in a pristine land, critics say. "We can't produce our way out of the problems we have," said Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev. "We have less than 3 percent of the oil reserves in the world, counting what's in ANWR. We simply can't do that."
The knowledge about ANWR's biology is more complete. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has described the coastal plain as a rich and important biological resource. It serves as the breeding ground for the Porcupine herd of caribou and sustains bears, wolves and a vast variety of migratory birds. "Reducing America's dependence on foreign oil is an urgent priority," said Sen. Maria Cantwell, D-Wash., co-sponsor of legislation to permanently designate ANWR as a wilderness area, the highest level of protection. "Is it worth forever losing a national treasure, one of our country's last great wild places, for oil that would not reach refineries for seven to 10 years?" Cantwell said. "We should be developing a smart, forward-looking strategy to wean our economy off its addiction to foreign oil without sacrificing our country's wild places."
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http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/national/213821_anwr28.html