Indicting a Sitting PresidentSubmitted by davidswanson on Wed, 2005-10-19 16:14. Activism
By Richard M. Mathews
Precedent exists to indict a Vice President.
Vice President Aaron Burr was subject to indictments in two states while still in office. Burr stayed out of those two states to avoid prosecution.
In the case of Spiro Agnew, Solicitor General Robert Bork filed a brief arguing that, consistent with the Constitution, the Vice President could be subject to indictment and criminal prosecution. While still Vice President, Agnew plea bargained a deal in which he plead "no contest" to tax evasion. He resigned the same day he entered his plea.
For a President, there is no clear precedent one way or another. The closest is the case of Nixon. The Grand Jury reportedly wanted to indict Nixon. Prosecutor Jaworski convinced them to avoid the issue of whether the President may be indicted by naming him as an unindicted coconspirator. This was sufficient to get a subpoena for Nixon's records including the tapes. Nixon argued that the subpoena was invalid because he was not subject to indictment. The Supreme Court sidestepped the indictment issue by ruling that they did not need to answer that question in order to reach their conclusion that the subpoena was valid. United States v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683, 687 n. 2 (1974).
There is not a single word in the Constitution that supports a claim that the President cannot be indicted. On the contrary, the Constitution merely says this about impeachment:
Article I, Section 3, Clause 7:
Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.
Article II, Section 4:
The President, Vice President and all Civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.
Note that in the above sections the Constitution
treats impeachment of the President exactly the same as impeachment of any other Officer.
The only place where the Constitution treats the President differently with respect to impeachment is in that the Chief Justice sits as the presiding officer in the Senate trial of a President:
Article I, Section 3, Clause 6:
The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When
sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When
the President of the United States is tried the Chief Justice shall
preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of
two thirds of the Members present.
Since the Constitution treats the President identically to all other Officers ....
More at the link:http://www.afterdowningstreet.org/?q=node/3820 I'm surprised this has not been posted by someone at DU as a separate thread because it is well referenced and well reasoned.
I admire CS's work, as well, and have cited it in more than one of my DU threads.
In any event, if Mr. Fitzgerald decides to indict Mr. Bush I think Mr. Bush had better have much better lawyers than Harry and torture boy looking after his butt (I know Jim, you just want do your Carlyle thing, but it looks like you may have to try to keep the kid out of prison).
Peace.