Know Your BFEE: American Children Used in Radiation Experiments

[Octafish]

The United States Government wasn’t always so concerned about human life -- not even kids'. During the Cold War, American children were used in radiation and other experiments.

http://archives.cjr.org/year/94/2/radiation.asp

http://www.radiationsurvivors.org/healtheffects.htm

When Dorothy Lagarreta, a California mother of nine, tried to do something about it, organizing the National Association of Radiation Surivors (NARS), she had a fatal single-car crash into a tree. No accident, reported the priest who said her funeral mass:

http://www.catholicvoiceoakland.org/Archives/Archive011204L.html

BFEE stands for Bush Family Evil Empire. To me, the term represents the secret government that serves the nation's most powerful and wealthy individuals, the military-industrial-intel complex, Wall Street, the mafia, the ultra-right wing, the KKK and racialists and the NAZIs -- in short the War Party. The BFEE has been involved in much of America's darkest chapters, from the killing of President Kennedy to installing one of its dimmest sons as president.

Remember, America: You're either with 'em or against 'em.

[seemslikeadream]

1. Injecting Newborn Babies with Radioactive Iodide in Memphis

During 1953 and 1954, seven newborn babies--six of whom were black--were injected with radioactive iodide at the John Gaston Hospital, a now defunct public hospital in Memphis, TN. The study was conducted by Lester Van Middlesworth, now professor emeritus of physiology, biophysics and medicine at the University of Tennessee's College of Medicine. Middlesworth claims race was not a factor, telling the Albuquerque Tribune, "It was primarily a charity hospital and a large percentage of the charity internees were Black." Yet Middlesworth wrote in a 1954 report that the "use of radiation in the very young organisms is open to question." And in an interview with Tribune staff writer Eileen Welsome he says, "Naturally we hoped there was no damage." But he also reveals that he lost track of the babies and never did any follow-up on their health.

John Gofman, a leading scientist on the effects of low-level radiation and professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley put it plainly by saying the children would have an increased risk of getting cancer and "To do nothing is criminal..." To date officials have located the names of the babies involved (they would be in their late 30s now) and are in the process of contacting them, but DOE official Mike Gauldin admitted last December that his agency didn't "have any information about these specific experiments and don't know anything about them." Equally ominous is that five other similar experiments were carried out in Detroit, Michigan; Omaha, Nebraska; Little Rock, Arkansas; and Iowa City, Iowa, with a total of 235 newborns and older infants experimented on.
more
http://www.zmag.org/ZMag/articles/may94sibert.htm

[Octafish]

2. The Needle

A couple weeks back, my wife and I attended "Holocaust Cantata." The choral work is based on the letters, poems and songs of Jews gathered up by the NAZI.

The performance was truly a most moving experience. As a work of art, it was really quite beautiful to hear and most sobering to consider. As with all Truth, those who were present were changed as a result of the experience.

Between songs, various members of the choir would read passages from letters. In one, a woman described how the NAZIs had separated all the pregnant women from the others. After their babies were delivered, each woman was immediately separated from her children. Then each watched as her child was injected with poison by a long needle directly into their hearts. Then each new mother was likewise killed.

The prisoners who saw what happened. The term they came up with to describe the process was "Needling."

The audience gasped. My wife and I and most everyone there cried.

[Octafish]

19. Injected!

The BFEE are, um, misdirected. By Satan.

A professional book review:


Injected!

The Plutonium Files: America's Secret Medical Experiments During the Cold War

By Eileen Welsome
Delacorte Press, 1999
592 pages; $26.95

By R.C. Longworth
November-December 1999 pp. 58-61 (vol. 55, no. 06) © 1999 Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

From April 1945 to July 1947, 18 men, women, and children were injected with plutonium by doctors working with the Manhattan Project. None of the subjects was told what was being done, and none gave informed consent. They were chosen because the doctors believed them to be mortally ill, although many lived for years, even decades, with the plutonium working its damage in their bodies.

The experiments were covered up for 40 years: When they became public, the government apologized but not a single doctor or hospital was publicly blamed. The plutonium injections ended after 27 months, having achieved little.

But other experiments, for the Manhattan Project and the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), continued into the 1970s. In Nashville, scientists at Vanderbilt University gave pregnant women radioactive cocktails. Prisoners in Oregon and Washington had their testicles radiated with neutrons. At the University of Cincinnati, nearly 200 patients were irradiated over a 15-year period. In Massachusetts, 74 boys at a Dickensian state school for unwanted or homeless boys were fed oatmeal laced with radioactive iron or calcium. The University of Chicago, one of the three sites for the plutonium injections, also fed solutions of strontium and cesium to 102 subjects with the assistance of Argonne National Laboratory. Again, no one told the victims what was going on, nor did anyone ask their consent.

The purpose of the experiments was to judge the effect of radioactivity on the human body. When they began, the Manhattan Project was close to exploding the first atomic bomb. Employees at Oak Ridge and Los Alamos worked with radioactive materials, yet no one knew the long-term effects of radiation on healthy people or on their genes and reproductive capacities. Experiments on animals were inconclusive and unsatisfactory. To protect the health of atomic workers, it was decided to begin human experiments.

In pursuit of this goal, many American doctors violated not only the Hippocratic Oath but the Nuremberg Code, American Medical Association guidelines, and U.S. government regulations. Crimes were committed and, in the end, damages paid, mostly to survivors. As late as 1985, body parts were being severed from cadavers, usually without the knowledge of the next of kin, for shipment to Los Alamos where they were analyzed for plutonium content. More than 15,000 human bodies were raided for this project, which was called Operation Sunshine. At a 1954 conference in Washington D.C., Willard Libby, winner of the Nobel Prize, lamented the shortage of bodies of persons, especially children, who had been exposed to radioactivity. "If anybody knows how to do a good job of body snatching," Libby said, "they will really be serving their country."

CONTINUED...

http://www.thebulletin.org/article.php?art_ofn=nd99longworth

[Octafish]

3. No one talks about this anymore. Why? It's being SCRUBBED!

Tried finding the "Buchenwald Memo." Here's where it used to be:

The HREX website is currently closed down for two reasons: (1) After the events of September 11, 2001, the Federal Government undertook a review of all information on its websites to determine the appropriateness of the information on the websites. The database for the HREX website is currently undergoing a review in light of the events of 9/11 to determine whether all of the information in the database is appropriate. (2) The HREX website was hosted by antiquated technology. After the review of the information in the database is complete, it will be moved to the OpenNet website which is a platform composed of current technologies. The timing of when the HREX information will be available on OpenNet is unknown, therefore you may wish to periodically visit the OpenNet website at http://www.osti.gov/opennet . Thank you for your patience.

http://hrex.dis.anl.gov/

PS: FUCK YOU VERY MUCH, BUSH!

[seemslikeadream]

6. The Sterilization League of America and Boyden Gray's grandfather

....

These activities might be expected to cause serious objections from the victimized nationalities, or from U.S. taxpayers, especially if the program is somehow given widespread publicity. Quite aside from moral considerations, legal questions would naturally arise, which could be summed up: How does George Bush think he can get away with this? In this matter the President has expert advice. Mr. (Clayland) Boyden Gray has been counsel to George Bush since the 1980 election. As chief legal officer in the White House, Boyden Gray can walk the President through the dangers and complexities of waging such unusual warfare against Third World populations. Gray knows how these things are done.

When Boyden Gray was four and five years old, his father organized the pilot project for the present worldwide sterilization program, from the Gray family household in North Carolina. It started in 1946. The eugenics movement was looking for a way to begin again in America. Nazi death camps such as Auschwitz had just then seared the conscience of the world. The Sterilization League of America, which had changed its name during the war to `` Birthright, Inc., '' wanted to start up again. First they had to overcome public nervousness about crackpots proposing to eliminate `` inferior '' and `` defective '' people. The League tried to surface in Iowa, but had to back off because of negative publicity: A little boy had recently been sterilized there and had died from the operation.

They decided on North Carolina, where the Gray family could play the perfect host. Through British imperial contacts, Boyden Gray's grandfather, Bowman Gray, had become principal owner of the R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. Boyden's father, Gordon Gray, had recently founded the Bowman Gray (memorial) Medical School in Winston-Salem, using his inherited cigarette stock shares. The medical school was already a eugenics center. As the experiment began, Gordon Gray's great aunt, Alice Shelton Gray, who had raised him from childhood, was living in his household. Aunt Alice had founded the `` Human Betterment League, '' the North Carolina branch of the national eugenical sterilization movement. Aunt Alice was the official supervisor of the 1946-47 experiment. Working under Miss Gray was Dr. Claude Nash Herndon, whom Gordon Gray had made assistant professor of `` medical genetics '' at Bowman Gray Medical School. Dr. Clarence Gamble, heir to the Proctor and Gamble soap fortune, was the sterilizers' national field operations chief. The experiment worked as follows. All children enrolled in the school district of Winston-Salem, N.C., were given a special `` intelligence test. '' Those children who scored below a certain arbitrary low mark were then cut open and surgically sterilized.

...


In Winston-Salem and in Orange County, North Carolina, the field committee had participated in testing projects to identify school age children who should be considered for sterilization. The project in Orange County was conducted by the University of North Carolina and was financed by a `Mr. Hanes,' a friend of Clarence Gamble and supporter of the field work project in North Carolina. The Winston-Salem project was also financed by Hanes. '' <`` Hanes '' was underwear mogul James Gordon Hanes, a trustee of Bowman Gray Medical School and treasurer of Alice Gray's group>.... The first step after giving the mental tests to grade school children was to interpret and make public the results. In Orange County the results indicated that three percent of the school age children were either insane or feebleminded.... the field committee hired a social worker to review each case ... and to present any cases in which sterilization was indicated to the State Eugenics Board, which under North Carolina law had the authority to order sterilization....
http://66.102.7.104/search?q=cache:QIa7KZ5p-XcJ:www.tarpley.net/bush3.htm+unauthorized+biography+bush+medical+experiments&hl=en

[Octafish]

17. Human Husbandry.

The BFEE believes in a world populated by certain, um, people.



One of their turdish toadies is Henry Kissinger:


Implications of world wide population growth for U.S. security & overseas interests

Dr. Henry Kissinger proposed in his memorandum to the NSC that "depopulation should be the highest priority of US foreign policy towards the 3rd world." He quoted reasons of national security, and because `The US economy will require large and increasing amounts of minerals from abroad, especially from less-developed countries...Wherever a lessening of population can increase the prospects for such stability, population policy becomes relevant to resources, supplies and to the economic interests of U.S." …


World depopulation is top NSC Agenda
Club of Rome & Haig-Kissinger depopulation policy
3.10.81 Lonnie Wolfe EIR

… The targeting agency for the operation is the National Security Council's Ad Hoc Group on Population Policy. Its policy-planning group is in the U.S. State Department's Office of Population Affairs, established in 1975 by Henry Kissinger. This group drafted the Carter administration's Global 2000 document, which calls for global population reduction, … Thomas Ferguson, the Latin American case officer for the State Department's Office of Population Affairs (OPA). "Either they do it our way, through nice clean methods or they will get the kind of mess that we have in El Salvador, or in Iran, or in Beirut. Population is a political problem. Once population is out of control it requires authoritarian government, even fascism, to reduce it.

"The professionals," said Ferguson, "aren't interested in lowering population for humanitarian reasons. That sounds nice. We look at resources and environmental constraints. We look at our strategic needs, and we say that this country must lower its population-or else we will have trouble. So steps are taken. El Salvador is an example where our failure to lower population by simple means has created the basis for a national security crisis. The El Salvador govt failed to use our programs to lower their population. Now they get a civil war because of it.... There will be dislocation and food shortages. They still have too many people there." Civil wars are somewhat drawn-out ways to reduce population, the OPA official added. "The quickest way to reduce population is through famine, like in Africa or through disease like the Black Death," … Ferguson's OPA monitors populations in the Third World and maps strategies to reduce them. Its budget for FY 1980 was $190 million; for FY 198l, it will be $220 million. The Global 2000 report calls for doubling that figure. The sphere of Kissinger In 1975, OPA was brought under a reorganized State Department Bureau of Oceans, International Environmental, and Scientific Affairs-- a body created by Henry Kissinger. The agency was assigned to carry out the directives of the NSC Ad Hoc Group. According to an NSC spokesman, Kissinger initiated both groups after discussion with leaders of the Club of Rome during the 1974 population conferences in Bucharest and Rome. …

"For a long time," Ferguson stated, "people here were timid" They listened to arguments from Third World leaders that said that the best contraceptive was economic reform and development. So we pushed development programs, and we helped create a population time bomb. "We are letting people breed like flies without allowing for natural causes to keep population down. We raised the birth survival rates, extended life-spans by lowering death rates, and did nothing about lowering birth rates. … Accordingly, the Bureau of Oceans, International Environmental, and Scientific Affairs has consistently blocked industrialization policies in the Third World … According to an NSC spokesman, the U.S. now shares the view of former World Bank President Robert McNamara that the "population crisis" is a greater threat to U.S. national security interests than "nuclear annihilation." "Every hot spot in the world corresponds to a population crisis point," said Ferguson who would rename Brzezinski's arc of crisis doctrine the "arc of population crisis."

CONTINUED TREASON and GENOCIDE...

http://webnetarts.com/socialjustice/popcontrol.html


Read Kissinger's National Security Study Memorandum:

Implications of Worldwide Population Growth for U.S.

Security and Overseas Interests

EXCERPT...

The President has directed a study of the impact of world population
growth on U.S. security and overseas interests. The study should look
forward at least until the year 2000, and use several alternative
reasonable projections of population growth.

In terms of each projection, the study should assess:

- the corresponding pace of development, especially in poorer
countries;

- the demand for US exports, especially of food, and the trade
problems the US may face arising from competition for re-
sources; and

- the likelihood that population growth or imbalances will
produce disruptive foreign policies and international
instability.

The study should focus on the international political and economic
implications of population growth rather than its ecological, socio-
logical or other aspects.

CONTINUED...

http://webnetarts.com/socialjustice/nssm200.html

This helps explain the reason for their wars. Their aims. And our futures.

Wake up, America!

[Wilms]

4. kick n/t

[Octafish]

9. Thanks, Wilms! Hey! Evahearbout: "Anti-fascist Information Bulletin"?

The appear to be a most progressive bunch:

Fascism's "scientific" face

by Tom Burghardt, Editor, Anti-fascist Info-Bulletin
The Guardian October 4, 2000

Under cover of "national security", gruesome Nazi-like projects were carried out by the US National Security State throughout the Cold War period and beyond.

When revelations emerged several years ago that the US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) sponsored "medical" research that injected gravely ill patients with radioactive plutonium with neither their knowledge nor their consent, a firestorm gripped Washington.

It forced the Energy Department to release thousands of pages of files documenting the hideous trail of suffering and death inflicted by government-funded "research". (See Eileen Welsome's 1993 Pulitzer Prize-winning series, "The Plutonium Experiment" in The Albuquerque Journal, November 15-17 1993.)

Now a new book slated for release in October by investigative journalist Patrick Tierney, Darkness in El Dorado: How Scientists and Journalists Devastated the Amazon (New York, W W Norton & Co), threatens to rip the mask of respectability from the faces of several prominent anthropologists.

Tierney's book claims certain scientists conducted genocidal experiments on the Yanomami people of Venezuela in the late 1960s — with funds provided once again by the AEC.

CONTINUED...

http://www.cpa.org.au/garchve3/1019fasc.html

[diamond14]

5. (LINK) to DOE Human Radiation Experiments (Clinton OPENED the files)

it's HORRIFYING....injecting people with PLUTONIUM, and not even telling them what it is....no consent... prisoners...children...pregnant women....these records are GHASTLY, and of course..bush* has begun this crap AGAIN....


http://www.eh.doe.gov/ohre/





The Office of Human Radiation Experiments, established in March 1994, leads the Department of Energy's efforts to tell the agency's Cold War story of radiation research using human subjects. We have undertaken an intensive effort to identify and catalog relevant historical documents from DOE's 3.2 million cubic feet of records scattered across the country. Internet access to these resources is a key part of making DOE more open and responsive to the American public.

[bobthedrummer]

7. Not only did President Clinton open the OHRE, he apologized for Cold

War "excesses" and his administration prosecuted Nazis.

[diamond14]

8. amazing that bush* hasn't scrubbed this all off DOE web site

seems to be the approach used by bushites...


if we don't see it.....IT DOESN'T EXIST....

[Octafish]

10. Like the repukes, these people think they're better than others...

... Like the NAZIs, they believe some human beings are untermenschen.

INVOLUNTARY HUMAN SCIENTIFIC
EXPERIMENTATION

prepared by

Morton Sklar
Director, World Organization Against Torture USA

EXCERPT...

Based on the Advisory Committee's research, six broad categories of experiments can be identified:

* Experiments aimed at determining the danger to workers assembling nuclear weapons from ingestion, inhalation or injection of irradiated materials. These experiments involved total body irradiation and the injection of radioactive isotopes into human subjects.

* Experiments aimed at determining the effects of exposure to radiation on soldiers serving either as part of the crew of a proposed nuclear powered aircraft or on a nuclear battlefield. These experiments involved total body irradiation, injection of radioactive isotopes, ingestion of irradiated materials by human subjects and exposure of subjects to atomic clouds during and after bomb detonations.

* Development of nuclear weapons. These experiments involved atmospheric releases of radiation without the knowledge of exposed civilian population.

* Studies on the dispersal, fallout, biological intake and decay of radioactive materials following a nuclear explosion. These experiments involved atmospheric releases of radiation, ingestion of radioactive and exposure to atomic clouds.

* Studies of the effects of radiation on "radiosensitive" malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma, and in the performance of bone marrow transplantations. These experiments involved total body irradiation. They included irradiation of 88 cancer patients at the University of Cincinnati alone.

* Experiments regarding the potential effects of radiation on astronauts. These experiments involved partial body irradiation.

Among the tests were the 1963 exposure of 131 prison inmates in Oregon to massive doses of radiation to their sexual organs, and subsequent vasectomies that were performed to prevent the subsequent birth of malformed children from contaminated sperm. On 10 February 1995, The New York Times also reported (p. A12) that "about 9,000 Americans, including children and newborns were used in 154 human radiation tests" sponsored by the Atomic Energy Commission, with additional tests being conducted by other governmental agencies. Subsequent reports released since that time suggest that the experiments and their impacts on human were far greater than originally indicated. The extreme danger posed by these experiments, and the frequent absence of informed consent measures in their implementation, place them in violation of the scientific experimentation provisions of Article 7 of the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and Article 1 of CAT. Although these events took place before the U.S. ratification of these instruments, the steps taken by the U.S. government to ensure that they are not repeated, to release full information on the tests and their impacts, and to provide compensation to those persons who were harmed by them, are highly pertinent to the question of current U.S. compliance.

CONTINUED...

http://www.woatusa.org/CAT/catreport/science.html

[diamond14]

11. Historical PHOTOS

you can look at the whole PHOTO GALLERY here
http://www.brookings.org/FP/PROJECTS/NUCWCOST/WEAPONS.HTM



VIP observers sitting on the patio of the Officer's Beach Club on Parry Island are illuminated by the 81 kiloton Dog test, part of Operation Greenhouse, at Enewetak Atoll, April 8, 1951.
Credit: Defense Special Weapons Agency



Troops participating in exercises at "Camp Desert Rock" (the Nevada Test Site) observe the formation of a mushroom cloud following the detonation of the Dog test on November 1, 1951. This test involved a 21 kiloton device dropped from a B-50 bomber. The device exploded at a height of 1,417 feet (432 meters).



The same scene, moments later

[Octafish]

13. BFEE forgave Japan for war crimes -- well, certain war crimes. Unit 731...

... for instance. War crimes we needed to know about.



Human Logs Light Military Research Fires.

© 1997 David Guyatt

When Ishii wanted a human brain to experiment upon, guards were assigned to acquire the organ. Grabbing a prisoner, the guards held him down, while another cleaved open his skull with an axe. The organ was clumsily removed and rushed to Ishii's laboratory. The remains of the "sacrificed" prisoner were then "disposed" of in the camp crematorium. Other prisoners could look forward to equally horrific experimentation. Live dissection was common-place.

For forty years the grisly activities of Japan's Unit 731 and sister units, remained the best kept secret of World War two. The victorious Allies were desperate to secretly acquire the expertise and know how of the Japanese Biological Warfare research. Fulsome records of the human experimentation undertaken, were especially sought. Hindered at home by social repulsion to such activities, human experimentation data was viewed as the jewel in the crown.

Scientists and medical experts from Fort Detrick, Maryland - the American top secret BW facility - raced to interview Japanese technicians. Barely one of them stopped to consider the ethical implications. Having assessed the facts, an intelligence cable coldly informed the War Department, Washington DC, that the "foregoing information warrants conclusion that Japanese BW Group, headed by Ishii did violate rules of land warfare." The message added pragmatically: "this expression of opinion is not a recommendation that group be charged and tried as such." None of those implicated in Japanese BW research were brought to trial by the Allies.

Rivalling in size Germany's notorious Auschwitz-Burkenau death camp, Unit 731's facility was located at, Pingfan, Manchuria. This isolated location was chosen for secrecy and security. Pingfan's compound was 6 square kilometres in size. It housed administrative buildings, laboratories, workers dormitories, barracks, an autopsy-dissecting building and a special prison to house human test subjects. Three giant furnaces handled "disposal" of human carcasses. Subjects chosen for human testing were humorously referred to as "logs" or "lumber." A smaller camp at Mukden, Manchuria, housed American, British, Australian and New Zealand POW's. Here too, hideous experiments were performed in secret.

Ishii Shiro was a brilliant and grandiose Army microbiologist. Possessing a flamboyant personality, he soon attracted the attention of influential and senior officers, and was assured rapid promotion. By 1927 he was closely aligned to ultra-nationalists in the War Ministry and pushing hard for developments in Biological Weapons. Following the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, Ishii wangled an assignment to the Manchurian colony. He chose Harbin, capital of the Heilongjiang province, to begin his covert work involving human experimentation. Even though a junior officer, Major Ishii was given a large, secret annual budget. His first command was assigned the cover name, the "Togo Unit" and boasted 300 men. This unit rapidly evolved and grew, undergoing a number of "cover" identities along the way.

CONTINUED...

http://www.copi.com/articles/guyatt/unit_731.html

Ironic to hear Smirko talk about protectin' life when his War Party appears to worship nothing but death.

[Wilms]

12. kick n/t

[Wilms]

14. kick n/t

[Wilms]

15. Keep it kicked n/t

[Octafish]

16. Thanks, Wilms! Thanks for wanting to remember what USA wants to forget...

THE RADIATION STORY
NO ONE WOULD TOUCH

by Geoffrey Sea

Sea is an Oakland-based writer, radiological health physicist, and international activist on radiation issues. He is the founder and director of In Vivo: Radiation Response and the Atomic Reclamation and Conversation Project of the Tides Foundation, and a co-founder of IRIS: International Radiation Injury Survivors.
Suddenly, at the close of 1993, the public was bombarded with "news" about the feeding of radioactive substances to pregnant women and mentally retarded students, about the unethical irradiation of workers, soldiers, medical patients, and prison inmates, and about the government's own internal fears that these experiments had "a little of the Buchenwald touch." But the story that appeared in The Albuquerque Tribune (circulation: 35,000) on November 15-17, and was then projected into the national headlines by the forthright admissions and initiatives of Secretary of Energy Hazel O'Leary, was hardly new.

By 1984, activists and researchers across the country were systematically investigating the human experimentation program and attempting to bring it to public attention. By 1986, documentation of the program was massive, solid, and publicly available.

I am among those who persistently tried to get national media coverage of this outrageous example of government wrongdoing. To say that the media were reluctant to listen would be an understatement. The fact is that, for more than a decade, documentation was ignored and facts were misreported.

What follows is a chronology of significant events in the strange history of this important story -- one that began to receive adequate coverage only after almost all the victims were dead and most of the perpetrators retired:

1971: The Washington Post reveals that a research team at the University of Cincinnati, under the leadership of Eugene Saenger, has been irradiating "mentally enfeebled" patients -- all of them poor and most of them black -- at dose rates known to have harmful effects. The aim of the research, funded by the Department of Defense: to discover whether and under what conditions soldiers on an atomic battlefield would be cognitively imparied.

CONTINUED...

http://archives.cjr.org/year/94/2/radiation.asp

[Octafish]

25. Speaking of Fascism's 'Scientific' Face

Hey, Wilms! Don't mean to sound redundant, but this stuff about how some modern scientists work bears fleshing out...

Fascism's "scientific" face

by Tom Burghardt, Editor, Anti-fascist Info-Bulletin

Under cover of "national security", gruesome Nazi-like projects were carried out by the US National Security State throughout the Cold War period and beyond.

EXCERPT...

According to Tierney, Neel and his colleagues injected the Yanomami with an experimental vaccine for measles — with predictable and disastrous results.

SNIP...

The resulting epidemic proved fatal "to hundreds, perhaps thousands" of Amazonian tribespeople. Even after the epidemic began, according to the book, Neel prevented the afflicted from receiving medical treatment.

In a circular letter to members of the American Anthropological Association, Terence Turner of Cornell University and Leslie E Sponsel of the University of Hawaii-Manoa infer from Tierney's reporting that Neel caused the measles epidemic in order to test his eugenic theories about the evolutionary utility of male domination.

SNIP...

There is also evidence that Neel and others, in collaboration with corrupt Venezuelan officials and US multinational mining corporations conspired to "open-up" Yanomami lands to illegal gold-mining concessions with the anthropologists providing necessary "cover" for developers.

SNIP...

At the very least, those who conducted genocidal experiments on the Yanomami people must be brought to book for their crimes. But those who funded and clandestinely approved of such "research" as a means to preserve a criminal American capitalist order rooted in a history of genocide, slavery and plunder must also be exposed, confronted and brought to
account.

CONTINUED...

http://www.cpa.org.au/garchve3/1019fasc.html

[Octafish]

18. Your BFEE at Work -- They're Mean to Grown-Ups, too.

It's strange how these people believe other people are less than human. It's also weird how they forget that people, inside, are really children. That's what Jesus said...

DUCK AND COVER(UP): U.S. RADIATION TESTING ON HUMANS

by Tod Ensign and Glenn Alcalay

If you have any lingering thoughts that the government's failure to disclose radiation experimentation on humans was driven by misguided national security concerns, throw them in the nearest nuclear waste dump. At least some officials knew what they were doing was unconscionable and were ducking the consequences and covering their tails. A recently leaked Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) document lays out in the most bare-knuckled manner the policy of coverup. It is desired that no document be released which refers to experiments with humans and might have adverse effect on public opinion or result in legal suits. Documents covering such work field should be classified `secret,' wrote Colonel O.G. Haywood of the AEC. *1 This letter confirms a policy of complete secrecy where human radiation experiments were concerned.

The Haywood letter may help explain a recently discovered 1953 Pentagon document, declassified in 1975. The two-page order from the secretary of defense ostensibly brought U.S. guidelines for human experimentation. in line with the Nuremberg Code, making adherence to a universal standard official U.S. policy. Ironically, however, the Pentagon document was classified and thus was probably not seen by many military researchers until its declassification in 1975.2

As these and a steady stream of similar reports confirm, for decades, the U.S. government had not only used human guinea pigs in radiation experiments, but had also followed a policy of deliberate deception and cover up of its misuse of both civilians and military personnel in nuclear weapons development and radiation research. While the Department of Energy (DoE) has made some belated moves toward greater openness, there are clear indications that other federal agencies and the White House have not yet deviated from the time-honored tradition of deceit and self-serving secrecy.

SNIP...

* In 1945, Albert Stevens, a 58-year old California house painter suffering from a huge stomach ulcer, was injected with doses of plutonium 238 and 239 equivalent to 446 times the average lifetime exposure. *12 Doctors recommended an operation and told his children he had only six months to live. For the next year, scientists collected plutonium-laden urine and fecal samples from Stevens and used that data in a classified scientific report, A Comparison of the Metabolism of Plutonium in Man and the Rat. There is little doubt scientists knew of the danger: The problem of chronic plutonium poisoning is a matter of serious concern for those who come in contact with this material, the report concluded.13 AEC officials in 1947 refused to release the information because it contains material, which in the opinion of the , might adversely affect the national interest. 14

CONTINUED...

http://www.netti.fi/~makako/mind/radiatio.htm

[kk897]

20. of course, all of this is far, far in the past.

Our government wouldn't do anything like *that* any more. </sarcasm>

Seriously, though, you know that's the stance they take. Yeah, okay, mistakes were made. Bad things happened. But it was in our ignorant past. We'd never engage in this kind of thing now that we are so much more enlightened.

What really bothers me is the crap they *admit* to, because you know whatever actually comes to light is just the tip of the iceberg and we've got even more heinous crap in our history.

<rant>You know, if you were to remove the particulars about this kind of atrocity (and all of those our brave DU members catalogue), make it generic, and present it to people today, no one would ever believe that humans were capable of such things. They'd scoff.

It's not even a conditional statement. They *do* scoff, right here at DU. You can only whisper about mind control or pedophilia in high places here, or you get locked or labeled a conspiracy nut. Because, I guess, *nobody* in our government would do *that*. (I suppose, too, that because many of the people who track these things are somewhat distasteful themselves in their politics, that makes it verboten here). </rant>

[Octafish]

21. Gen. President Eisenhower pegged the middle-of-the-roaders...

... "Those who take the middle of the road have a yellow stripe down the middle of their back."



kk897, thank you for giving a damn and knowing that this stuff is important today. More than just the present case of the poor Schiavo woman, used by the BFEE for political gain, this is the blueprint of what they plan to do to those they don't use or enslave.

Those who scoff and don't know, I feel sorry for. Odd how those who think they know act when facing the unknown, they hide. It's hard to feel sorry for them. Science warned us...



Unaccountable Defense: The Human Tragedy of

the United State's Cult with the Atom

Michele Chwastiak
University of Wollongong
Department of Accounting and Finance
Wollongong, NSW 2522
Australia
March, 1999

Unaccountable Defense: The Human Tragedy of

the United State's Cult with the Atom

Introduction

This paper demonstrates the amount of harm that can be produced when power is consolidated in an unaccountable entity given that our notion of "progress" requires vast degrees of destruction to sustain. In particular, the research documents the human rights abuses conducted by the U.S. national security state against its own citizens during the early years of the Cold War. However, the implications from this study apply to all organizations that place material goals above human welfare and are unaccountable to society at large, including corporations.

The objective of the Enlightenment, from which our current notion of progress was cultivated, was to make man free from the realm of necessity through the creation of mechanical processes that would liberate him from the whims of nature. However, before these manmade processes, which produced value through devastation, could gain legitimacy, a radical reconceptualization of the world was required. All natural creativity had to be socially constructed as worthless in order to turn nature into a passive raw material to be used, rather than the giver of life. By stripping nature of its own subjectivity and rendering it into a dead externality, the moral constraints against its exploitation, which had previously permeated social life, were effectively removed (Merchant, 1983; Mies and Shiva, 1993; Plumwood, 1993). To facilitate these practices, a language that objectified and reified nature arose and as a result, the symbiotic relationship between nature and humans was disrupted (Mies, 1990; Fox Keller, 1992).

However, the vast scale of exploitation required by the economic system which Enlightenment thought made credible (e.g., capitalism) could not have been sustained by a conceptual re-representation of the world alone, for capitalism creates an enormous number of losers and wrecks havoc on indigenous cultures. Hence, to keep the rabble in line, a vast machinery of repression located within the state, where violence had been predominantly deposited since the inception of the "civilizing" process, was also necessary (Mies, 1986; Bauman, 1989; Parenti, 1995).

Once violence had been monopolized by the state, war preparation became concentrated in a centralized source free from competitive pressure. This provided the physical conditions necessary to create weapon systems of unprecedented lethality and technological sophistication (Bauman, 1989). Yet, the centralization of violence was not a sufficient condition for the development of horrendous technologies like the atom bomb. A terror like the atomic bomb would not have been feasible without a science divorced from the ethical and moral concerns of human life (Mies, 1990; Fox Keller, 1992; Ikeda, 1995, 1996).

One of the products of modernity has been the development of a rational, bureaucratic work culture aimed at increasing efficacy by eliminating all moral interference from the process of administration (Mumford, 1970; Bauman, 1989; Lowy, 1995). This rational, bureaucratic culture was supported by a system of thought (e.g., instrumental reasoning) which represented the world in such a way that only behavior which aligned itself with the goals and expectations of the organization would be sanctioned as appropriate. Given that instrumental rationality refuses to allow the end result of action to be an object of serious enquiry, Hitler could transfer the skills from administering the business firm to the mass production of death and U.S. scientists could create a technology to destroy the world, without either enterprise ever clashing with the value system underlying the principles of rational, goal directed behavior (Peattie, 1984; Bauman, 1989; Lowy, 1995). Hence, by measuring success only in terms of the degree to which the objective is completed and by being blind to the means and the ends, instrumental rationality provides no checks on the destructive capacities of modernity and capitalism.

CONTINUED...

http://panopticon.csustan.edu/cpa99/html/chwastiak.html

[Karenina]

22. When I was in elementary school

I wore an "I LIKE IKE" button. My Daddy and I often talked about him. When he gave his Farewell Speech, my Daddy was not yet a year dead. I listened alone and cried bitter tears as there was no one left who believed a 10 year-old girl could understand what he said...

[Octafish]

24. I Like Karenina

Learnng of your irreplaceable loss at such a young age broke my heart. My mom and her twin lost their dad at age 12. They have missed him ever since.

Your dad must have been a most wonderful man to help form and raise a person like you. Your kind nature, quest for truth, and refusal to give in shows yours to be a most special family, Karenina.

Yes, 10-year-olds can know much more than what the calendar says they should know. Questions of politics certainly can be considered and discussed and understood. And questions of right and wrong -- they are easy to answer: Put people first and follow the Golden Rule.

One thing hasn't changed since your childhood: I'd bet you're still the same person you were then, but with the added benefit of having lived through some of the most turbulent history the world has known. Those experiences make it possible for you to see what kind of world ours can be.

So my most sincere thanks to your dad and to your family, for you are one of those working today to create a better tomorrow. That's why I'm so thankful to be part of this world -- people like you and yours.

[ultraist]

28. I second that!

A toast to Karenina! :toast:

[Karenina]

58. I am so grateful to you, Octafish

For putting the shit out there that we both KNOW and can FUCKING DOCUMENT. It would not be accepted coming from me... We're NOT paranoid, crazy or "conspiracy theorists." We KNOW who we are dealing with. They do NOT share the ideal of our common interests and the veil of ignorance of those as yet unable to suspend their disbelief must be pierced if we are to survive as a species on this planet.

Du bist ein Ritter ohne Furcht und Tadeln. :loveya:

[Octafish]

61. People like you make this a world worth living in for people like me.

I mean that will all my heart, Karenina. It's why we're here.

It's something I've always known about good people. To my wife I say, "Women like you make this a world worth living in for guys like me."

So, yeah. I'm as nutty as Don Quixote after reading all the novels in his library about knight-errantry. And he was absolutely sane where it counted.

Regarding conspiracy theorists and the lack of respect the, um, general population holds them: Don't worry about it or them. Like sinners who do wrong, it is the fault of their ignorance.

We few who do know are the ones who the future is counting on. Those in the world that might come need us to use the most powerful forces in the universe: Truth and Love. Nothing or no one can stop them.

[ultraist]

32. The Tuskegee Syphillis Experiment went on until 1972

And today the State is trying to force a profoundly disabled woman to recieve medical treatments against her wishes.

excerpts:

http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0762136.html

The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment
The United States government did something that was wrong—deeply, profoundly, morally wrong. It was an outrage to our commitment to integrity and equality for all our citizens. . . . clearly racist.
—President Clinton's apology for the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment to the eight remaining survivors, May 16, 1997
For forty years between 1932 and 1972, the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) conducted an experiment on 399 black men in the late stages of syphilis. These men, for the most part illiterate sharecroppers from one of the poorest counties in Alabama, were never told what disease they were suffering from or of its seriousness. Informed that they were being treated for “bad blood,”1 their doctors had no intention of curing them of syphilis at all. The data for the experiment was to be collected from autopsies of the men, and they were thus deliberately left to degenerate under the ravages of tertiary syphilis—which can include tumors, heart disease, paralysis, blindness, insanity, and death. “As I see it,” one of the doctors involved explained, “we have no further interest in these patients until they die.”

Using Human Beings as Laboratory Animals
The true nature of the experiment had to be kept from the subjects to ensure their cooperation. The sharecroppers' grossly disadvantaged lot in life made them easy to manipulate. Pleased at the prospect of free medical care—almost none of them had ever seen a doctor before—these unsophisticated and trusting men became the pawns in what James Jones, author of the excellent history on the subject, Bad Blood, identified as “the longest nontherapeutic experiment on human beings in medical history.”

The study was meant to discover how syphilis affected blacks as

[Octafish]

44. 1990 LA "Experimental" Measles Vaccine -- Who was president then?

Anyone know the outcome of this, um, case?

Experimental Measles Vaccine

In June 1990, babies in Los Angeles California were used as human gunea pigs with a experimental measles vaccine called Edmonston Zagreb measles vaccine ( E-Z ). From 1989 to 1991, Kaiser Permanente along with the L.A. County Department of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), injected over 700 "mostly minority" babies with unlicensed experimental vaccines with fraudulently-obtained consent from the parents.

To date, it is believed that most of the families affected by this secret experiment are not aware that their child was used as a human guinea pig or, if aware, are not alerted to the long-term health risks of this particular vaccination.

One of several vaccines used in the experiment, Edmonston-Zagreb, high-titer, had already achieved a notorious reputation overseas for triggering the death of numerous babies in closely controlled trials in the Third World. In particular, use of the vaccine had been closely associated with an increased death rate among infant girls in Senegal, Guinea Bissau and Haiti" before their second birthday. At least one baby in the L.A. County experiment died within this same two year window. Reports of other immune and neurological problems are associated with the Kaiser Permanente victims.

When the final story is told, this could likely be one of the most scandalous affairs in the sordid history of human experimentation to rival or exceed that of the Nazis, the Tuskegee syphilis study or the DOE radiation exposure experiments.

If your child received a vaccine injection at one of three L.A. County Kaiser Permanente facilities between January 1990 and December 1991, you may be needed for a class action claim against Kaiser Permanente Foundation. The three hospitals at the center of the experiment were Kaiser East Los Angeles, Kaiser West Los Angeles (Cadillac) and Kaiser Inglewood.

CONTINUED...

http://www.shirleys-wellness-cafe.com/v-kaiser.htm

The Bush Family Evil Empire is not a figment of the imagination.

[Octafish]

23. Dorothy Legarreta

I made a most serious mistake, misspelling the name of the woman who lost her life making the above information public.

MODS: There should be no copyright problems as the following is from a document made during a government sponsored conference. Thank you!


Human Radiation Experiments

EXCERPT...

22 Dorothy Legarreta was a graduate
23 student worker who, during the Manhattan Project,
24 smashed contaminated glassware in the laboratory of
25 Joseph Hamilton at the UC/Berkeley Radiation

1 Laboratory. Twenty years later a son died of acute
2 lymphoblastic leukemia, and Dorothy had surgery for a
3 large thyroid tumor.
4 Dorothy founded the National
5 Association of Radiation Survivors, and as the first
6 independent research to examine Hamilton's papers
7 at the Bancroft Library, she discovered the now
8 infamous 1950 memo in which he warned against doing
9 certain whole-body radiation experiments n humans,
10 the very same ones which Eugene Saenger and his team
11 would later conduct, because to do so would, in
12 Hamilton's words, quote, "have a little of the
13 Buchenwald touch," unquote.
14 Dorothy publicized this memo and began
15 to uncover the full extent of the human
16 experimentation program in 1982. Around that time
17 she filed the first the Freedom of Information Act
18 request on human experimentation with the Department
19 of Energy, the response to which I would urge this
20 Committee to obtain, which led more or less directly
21 to the 1986 Markey Report.
22 On November first, 1988, while
23 completing a book about the experimentation program,
24 Dorothy's car mysteriously ran off the road and into
25 a tree just north of here on Highway 101. Her

1 briefcase, though reported found at the scene,
2 disappeared.
3 Dorothy Troxell, whom we all knew as
4 "Dottie," and again Bruce referred to her before,
5 hired on as a worker at the AEC's Kansas City's plant
6 in 1952. She helped build the components of the
7 first hydrogen bomb, and was later assigned to
8 calibrate radiation detection devices for use at the
9 test sites by holding them up to a Cobalt-60 source.
10 In 1957 a careless accident by a
11 co-worker left that source unshielded. Dottie and
12 her co-worker were exposed to lethal levels of gamma
13 radiation, and over the following days and weeks
14 Dottie developed symptoms of Acute Radiation
15 sickness.
16 It was expected that Dottie would die
17 and become the perfect autopsy specimen, so rather
18 than telling Dottie what had happened to her and was
19 happening to her, her employer at Bendix, and AEC,
20 chose to turn her into a scientific experiment. It
21 was the perfect experiment of opportunity, as you
22 call it, because the exposure had been to a
23 calibration source, so the doses to every organ, if
24 not tissue, could be gauged to perhaps an unmatched
25 degree of precision.

1 Dottie was told that her vaginal
2 hemorrhaging was due to a, the hormonal problem so
3 she would not question the administration of
4 estrogens, which were then under investigation as a
5 potential treatment for radiation injury. She was
6 then sent to Lovelace Clinic in Albuquerque, New
7 Mexico, where again under the pretense of treating
8 some idiopathic dysfunctions, she was given a
9 splenectomy, another experimental treatment developed
10 in the aftermath of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki
11 bombings, and later was studied at the Argonne
12 National Laboratory and Lovelace.
13 The splenectomy certainly did save
14 Dottie's life, but there was one problem. When
15 Dottie woke up after the surgery she found a scar
16 that ran the length of her torso from her neck to her
17 pubic mound.
18 When she asked what had been done to
19 her, a reasonable question under the circumstances,
20 she was told she could not be told because of, quote,
21 national security, unquote. We never have been able
22 to find out definitely what was done to Dottie at
23 Lovelace.
24 For 30 years Lovelace not only refused
25 to release her medical records, but denied she had

1 ever been a patient there. When I went to Lovelace
2 in 1986 in order to investigate Dottie's case, I was
3 told that not only was there no record of any patient
4 names Dorothea Troxell, but no AEC or contractor
5 employee had ever been treated at Lovelace, period.
6 Only a short time later Lovelace
7 relented and gave Dottie her medical records. These
8 records confirmed the splenectomy, but don't explain
9 the scar.
10 Dottie would joke that she must have
11 had the most enlarged spleen in medical history. But
12 seriously, we both suspected that since Dottie had
13 defiantly escaped the autopsy table, advantage had
14 been taken of her time on the operating table to
15 remove a selection of tissue samples and thereby
16 somehow contribute to this Country's national
17 defense.

CONTINUED...

http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/radiation/dir/mstreet/commeet/meet7/trsc07b.txt

[chlamor]

26. Kick-"Acres of Skin": Dermatological (sp?) Experiments on Prisoners

Recommended reading for more on human experimentation in the name of science and other things. Eileen Wilsome's book is quite a ride. She won a pulitzer prize for her original newspaper articles on this but sadly the series she published in the Albuerquerque Tribune was published the same week of O.J. verdict.

So important realpolitik info gets washed aside by TV personality news goo. Sound familiar?

U(United) S(Schiavoans) of A(America)

[Octafish]

27. Eileen Welsome is a real reporter, a good journalist...

...a patriot in the truest sense of the word.

Welsome is the author of "The Plutonium Files," published by the Dial Press, Random House, Inc. NY 1999 ISBN 0-385-31402-7. From a source online:

Plutonium Files

EXCERPT...

p. 346, 347

"Often the patients were moved to a private room after irradiation so that their mental state could be better evaluated. What's more, the doctors told their military funders, "there are no other patients receiving radiation therapy with whom the patient can exchange experiences." These psychological studies were another important component of the experiment and became more elaborate as the years went on. Tests were administered to measure the patients' depression, hope, denial, and pessimism. Brief interviews were conducted before and after irradiation and then "scored" for cognitive dysfunction. Many of the patients were so sick after they were irradiated that they could not complete all the testing. Herb Varin remembers his mother Nina Cline, complaining about the constant barrage of questioning. "I tell them I'm feeling terrible but they just want to talk to me," Varin recalled his mother saying. The psychological research was pertinent to the military, the Cincinnati doctors wrote, because of the way TBI affected thought processes:

Following exposure to acute whole or partial body radiation it is possible that there will be significant impairment of the decision making capability of key personnel who have major command responsibilities. This concern has become more important in recent years since the findings that complex electronic systems can be rendered inoperative by very high doses of radiation. Thus it is necessary to maintain dependence on the human being. It is quite possible that even moderately high doses or dose rates could produce impairment of cognitive processes either of an obvious or of a subtle nature which in moments of stress would impair or defeat a military operation. In order to gain understanding of such possible changes it is necessary to seek changes in cognitive processes and decrease in the capability to perform highly technical processes."

SNIP... pp.481-486

For five decades the public remained largely ignorant of the systematic nature of human radiation experiments. Secrecy, compounded by the insular, inbred nature of the atomic establishment, helped keep the experiments from becoming known. But the fact is, the Manhattan Project veterans and their proteges controlled virtually all the information. They sat on the boards that set radiation standards, consulted at meetings where further human experimentation was discussed, investigated nuclear accidents, and served as expert witnesses in radiation injury cases. The Manhattan Project researchers also worked in a professional world that remained remarkably stable. Once the project itself had been disbanded, the scientists got jobs in the weapons laboratories and at universities, many of which had contracts with the Atomic Energy Commission, and they remained in these jobs for the rest of their lives.

The experiments conducted after the war generally were not secret. But the results were published in obscure journals or laboratory health reports that were inaccessible to the public. Furthermore, many of the policy discussions surrounding the purpose of the experiments were kept secret."

CONTINUED w/very interesting links...

http://www.raven1.net/pluton.htm

[chlamor]

31. Bookmark-Nominate

All of these subterranean activities are perfectly consistent with US-European ideology/history and add up to what we see (for those who see) all around us today. The psychotic nature of the Western Habit of Mind is a mystery to me. We see its manifestations in BIG SCIENCE and ACADEMIA and its results in such macabre experiments as you are discussing here and our disdain for and despoiling of the natural world. Peace to you brother, you are easily one of my favs in DU forums and I look for your insightful posts.

:toast:

"Seed to Seed" by Suzanne Answorth-The seed savers bible

[MountainLaurel]

53. I second that recommendation

One thing I especially want to point out is the role of the Almighty Dollar in abuses of human rights as far as they relate to human experimentation -- the experiments done weren't for the betterment of life for Americans, it was so that a money-hungry doctor at a prestigious university could make money selling a cosmetic product (Retin-A) to millions of people.

Almost all of these cases -- Tuskegee, the nuclear experiments, the vaccines, LSD testing on the military -- are in direct violation of the Nuremburg Code regarding human experimentation, written in the wake of Dr. Mengele and the Nazis. The U.S. has shown that in most instances it is no better.

[Lady Effingbroke]

29. Thank you so much for all of your informative threads, Octafish!

I find them very educational.

[Octafish]

39. A History of US Secret Human Experimentation

Thanks, Lady Effingbroke! You made my day. I'm just a scribe and all that I ask is We the People learn the Truth. Please spread the word...

Here’s a bit more of the history the Military-Industrial Complex (BFEE) wants America to forget about.

A History Of US Secret
Human Experimentation

3-25-3

1931 Dr. Cornelius Rhoads, under the auspices of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Investigations, infects human subjects with cancer cells. He later goes on to establish the U.S. Army Biological Warfare facilities in Maryland, Utah, and Panama, and is named to the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. While there, he begins a series of radiation exposure experiments on American soldiers and civilian hospital patients.

SNIP…

1945 "Program F" is implemented by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). This is the most extensive U.S. study of the health effects of fluoride, which was the key chemical component in atomic bomb production. One of the most toxic chemicals known to man, fluoride, it is found, causes marked adverse effects to the central nervous system but much of the information is squelched in the name of national security because of fear that lawsuits would undermine full-scale production of atomic bombs.

SNIP…

1953 Joint Army-Navy-CIA experiments are conducted in which tens of thousands of people in New York and San Francisco are exposed to the airborne germs Serratia marcescens and Bacillus glogigii.

SNIP…

1990 More than 1500 six-month old black and hispanic babies in Los Angeles are given an "experimental" measles vaccine that had never been licensed for use in the United States. CDC later admits that parents were never informed that the vaccine being injected to their children was experimental.

CONTINUED…

http://www.rense.com/general36/history.htm

Hey, Coincidence Nuts! Rense is the only place this article can be found anymore. It’s scrubbed from the original source.

http://www.healthnewsnet.com/humanexperiments.html

Fancy that!

[Mizmoon]

40. Three more interesting websites

www.frankolsonproject.org

My father, Frank Olson, died in November of 1953 under circumstances that remain both obscure and controversial nearly half a century later.

This Internet site is dedicated to exploring those circumstances and the political and ethical issues embedded in them - issues of paramount importance to the maintenance of an open democratic society.

www.psychosurgery.org

This memorial is dedicated to the victims of lobotomy. Psychosurgery.org seeks to honor their memories and make certain that their tragedy is not forgotten.

Lobotomy was not a procedure on the fringe of science. It was a mainstream treatment advocated by many highly-educated physicians and prestigious institutions, praised in breathless news articles, and touted as the latest in a long string of amazing neurosurgical advances. The inventor of the operation, Egas Moniz, was even awarded a Nobel Prize for it.


www.eugenicsarchive.org/eugenics

The philosopher George Santayana said, "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." This adage is appropriate to our current rush into the "gene age," which has striking parallels to the eugenics movement of the early decades of the 20th century. Eugenics was, quite literally, an effort to breed better human beings – by encouraging the reproduction of people with "good" genes and discouraging those with "bad" genes. Eugenicists effectively lobbied for social legislation to keep racial and ethnic groups separate, to restrict immigration from southern and eastern Europe, and to sterilize people considered "genetically unfit." Elements of the American eugenics movement were models for the Nazis, whose radical adaptation of eugenics culminated in the Holocaust.

[Octafish]

45. Accessories to murder -- or worse -- are in positions of authority today.

Those who have read about your father know he was a man of the highest principles -- truly one of America's best and brightest. He would not play the game and the forces of evil took his life.

My heart and prayers go out to you and your family, Mizmoon. To know that I share a moment in time and space with you is an honor and a privilege. Please know that I am at your service.

For those new to the history, an overview:


US Vice President Dick Cheney and

Secretary of Defence Donald Rumsfeld

Linked to “Murder of CIA Scientist”

by

Gordon Thomas

Secret documents have revealed that Vice President Dick Cheney and Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld are “linked to the murder” of a former senior CIA scientist.

In 1953 Frank Olson, who was a key member of the CIAs secret brainwashing programme MK-ULTRA, was sent plunging from a New York hotel window.

He had threatened to reveal the CIA involvement in “terminal experiments” in post-war Germany and in Korea during the Korean War.

For almost half a century his son, Eric, a psychologist, has insisted his father was murdered “on orders from the highest level”.

Now a California history professor, Kathryn Olmstead, revealed she had discovered at the Gerald Ford library documents written by Cheney and Rumsfeld at the time of Frank Olson’s death.

They show how far the White House went to conceal information about Olson’s death – and his role in preparing anthrax and other biological weapons. Part of his work had been at Britain’s Porton Down Chemical-Bio Research Centre.

CONTINUED...

http://www.gordonthomas.ie/162.html

[ultraist]

30. 64,000 people forced by the State to recieve medical tx: sterlizations

excerpts:

http://www.fredonia.edu/prweb/releases/eugenics.htm

On the morning of March 11, 2003, a respected professor from the University of Virginia went before the California State Senate to throw open the door on the skeleton of eugenics that had been uneasily hidden behind the cloak of history. By mid-afternoon, the state had made an official apology to the victims of its human sterilization policies of the early to mid-20th century.

Unfortunately, American history shows that eugenics was not simply a fringe science left to fascists or other disreputable characters on the outer banks of the mainstream. For the better part of the past 100 years - from as early as 1907 until as late as the 1970s - over 30 states in the U.S. passed and enforced laws "prohibiting interracial marriage, allowing state mandated surgery on the mentally ill or mentally retarded, and otherwise restricting reproduction among disfavored groups," according to Dr. Lombardo. These statutes were passed in order to preserve or improve the quality of the American gene pool by weeding out criminal tendencies, "feeble-mindedness," perceived sexual immorality, predilections toward poverty and numerous other behaviors deemed undesirable.

The numbers from this extended era of practical eugenics are staggering in terms of the human damage done in the name of "controlled selected breeding." By 1965, a total of 64,000 sterilizations had been performed in the United States. An estimated 20,000 people were sterilized by the state of California, whose governor, Gray Davis, issued a formal apology to the victims of its eugenic policies this past March immediately following the presentation by Dr. Lombardo to its state legislature. Virginia is believed to have sterilized approximately 8,000 individuals, while North Carolina sterilized another 7,600; Oregon and South Carolina are also known to have pursued aggressive eugenic policies. Each of these five states have issued formal apologies in the past year - three of them coming within three months - thanks, in large part, to the work of Dr. Lombardo.

New York was not immune to the fascination with eugenics. The state passed a sterilization law in 1912 that was later invalidated by two state courts on Constitutional grounds in 1918 and repealed by the state legislature in 1920. In the six-year window, however, 42 sterilizations were performed, including 12 at the Buffalo State Hospital and 29 at the Gowanda State Hospital. All of the victims were female. Only one male - an inmate at Auburn

[Octafish]

43. NAZI Connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism

That's some article, there, ultraist! Thank you very much for the heads-up. The whole thing is a must-read, documenting the connections between the "respectable" fascists abroad and at-home.

Speaking of NAZIs, for those new to the subject, here's a book review along those genetic lines.

THE NAZI CONNECTION:
EUGENICS, AMERICAN RACISM, AND GERMAN NATIONAL SOCIALISM

By Stefan Kuhl
Oxford University Press, New York,
1994, xviii + 166 pp.

Reviewed by
David Lethbridge

EXCERPT...

The central theme in Kuhl' s book is the intimate relations between American eugenicists and Nazi racial scientists during the period of classical fascism. Eugenics - a term invented by Francis Gaiton that refers to ensuring "the more suitable races or strains of blood a better chance of prevailing speedily over the less suitable" - had from its beginning in America, a political orientation. Wealthy individuals from within the highest levels of the American exploiting class funneled hundreds of thousands of dollars into the eugenics movement. Laws were implemented in state legislatures to prevent the procreation of "inferior families:" At the federal level, legislation was passed to restrict immigration to largely "Nordic" populations. American scientists stated the racist position publicly. The eugenicist Charles Woodruff declared, "It is clear that the types of human beings from northwest Europe are our best citizens and have, therefore, to be conserved;" while the sociologist Edward Ross, in a phrase now used repeatedly by contemporary neo-Nazis, spoke of the "race suicide" that would result from "inferior" segments of the population gaining power. By the early 1930s, the American eugenics movement was the most influential and prestigious among those Western capitalist powers who were interested in genetic and racial manipulation. Nor was this fact lost on the rising Nazi movement; even Hitler, in "Mein Kampf", wrote admiringly of the US Immigration Restriction Act with its intended purpose of ranking "races" according to their genetic "suitability."

What Kuhl has succeeded in doing, in this masterful book, is to sketch in telling detail the cross-currents of influence between the American-dominated eugenics movement, and the rise and implementation of the Nazi racial program; In 1934, for example, some eighteen months after the Nazis came to power, Falk Ruttke, a member of both Hitler's elite SS and the Committee for Population and Race Policies, spoke at an international meeting of eugenicists in Zurich. Ruttke thoroughly outlined the steps the Nazis had already taken toward rebuilding Germany along racial lines. These included the infamous Law on Preventing Hereditarily Ill Progeny which allowed for the sterilization, and ultimately the gassing, of persons with mental or physical afflictions and the Decree for the Granting of Marriage Loans, which explicitly excluded Jews. The US Journal of Heredity appreciatively reported Ruttke' s speech as reflecting the eugenic foundation of the Nazi state. Even more to the point, Kuhl recounts how Clarence G. Campbell senior member of the American contingent at the 1935 eugenics conference in Berlin, praised Hitler's race policies in glowing terms, referring to them as "epochal in racial history", and as setting a pattern "which other nations and racial groups must follow." In Germany, his remarks were widely published as particularly valuable propaganda. Back in the US, Campbell busied himself drumming up support for the Nazi regime.

Throughout the pre-war period, there was considerable influence of American eugenics policy on Nazi racial policy. Kuhl notes that specific Nazi legislation on sterilization was based on similar American laws, or on model legislation proposed by Harry Laughlin of the Eugenics Record Office, and that US scientists were proud of their influence on the Hitler regime. German publishing houses eagerly reprinted American racial and eugenics books and articles, while American foundations such as the Pioneer Fund, underwrote the distribution of Nazi race propaganda films in the US. In an almost incestuous mutuality, the Nazis used the prestige of the American scientists and legislators to validate their own eugenics and racial policies, while American eugenicists used the ne6r Nazi eugenics laws as evidence that widespread human sterilization policies could be feasibly put into practice with a minimum of social resistance.

Even after World War II had begun, notable American eugenicists continued to visit Nazi Germany; such visits were virtual collaborations. Ellinger, a geneticist, met with Wolfgang Abel, a scientist and SS officer, who was active in sterilization programs involving both blacks and Jews.

Returning to the US, Ellinger wrote that the Nazi racial program had nothing to do with religious persecution, characterizing it instead as a "breeding project" designed to eliminate the "hereditary attributes of the Semitic race." At the same time, the anthropologist Lothrop Stoddard was meeting with both Himmler and Hitler. Stoddard himself was a thoroughgoing racist, and author of "The Rising Tide of Color Against White-Supremacy" and other works which are still today being sold by neo-Nazi publication houses. Not only were his writings cited in Nazi school books, but he won the praise of President Hoover during his testimony to the House Immigration Committee. Holocaust deniers, incidentally, should pay particular attention to Stoddard' s claim as early as 1940 - that the "Jews problem" would "soon be settled in fact by the physical elimination of the Jews themselves from the Third Reich." Was this mere wishful thinking on his part, or had he heard of this policy first hand from his meetings with Hitler's high command?

CONTINUED...

http://bethuneinstitute.org/documents/naziconnection.html

[Wilms]

33. kick n/t

[Octafish]

46. Wouldyabelieve? CIA Experiments with Mind Control on Children

Can you believe this stuff? Most can't. That doesn't mean it isn't true, unfortunately for the children and this country.

CIA Experiments with Mind Control on Children

CIA Experiments with Mind Control on Children

by Jon Rappoport

EXCERPT...

In experimental test situations, people were given acid without their knowledge, then interrogated under bright lights with doctors sitting in the background taking notes. Threats would be made. The test subjects were told that their LSD "downer trips" would be extended indefinitely if they refused to reveal their closely-guarded military secrets. The people being interrogated in this way were CIA employees, U.S. military personnel and, abroad, agents suspected of working for the other side in the Cold War. Long-term severe debilitation and several documented deaths resulted. Much, much more could be said about MK-ULTRA.

None of this prepared people for the explosive testimony made on March 15, 1995, in Washington, D.C., before the President's Committee on Radiation, however. In unpublicized sessions, New Orleans therapist Valerie Wolf introduced two of her patients who had uncovered memories of being part of extensive CIA brainwashing programs as young children (in one case, starting at age seven). Their brainwashing included torture, rape, electroshock, powerful drugs, hypnosis and death threats. According to their testimony, the CIA then induced amnesia to prevent their recalling these terrifying sessions.

SNIP...

Although the committee was mainly concerned with radiation, they permitted Valerie and her patients to testify because, astonishingly, several doctors who had administered the mind- control experiments had also been identified by other Americans secretly exposed to radiation. Apparently there was a crossover.

Prominent names surfaced in the March 15 testimony: Richard Helms, former head of the CIA, Dr. Sidney Gottlieb, who ran MK- ULTRA and Dr. John Gittinger, Gottlieb's protege. These men and others were directly accused of participating in grisly mind- control efforts on children.

Predictably, this testimony received no media attention.

CONTINUED...

http://www.totse.com/en/conspiracy/mind_control/161916.html

PS: Thanks, Wilms! Much obliged...

[Wilms]

48. kick n/t

;)

[Octafish]

57. Cornelius Rhoads went on to start the NIH?

Those who've followed what the BFEE are doing won't find it weird, but a lot of the stuff that used to be available on Cornelius Rhoads (var. sp.) and the rest of these turds was easy to GOOGLE. Now, it seems fewer and fewer things "Poppy" up. Anyway, from the pen of one young student, a very good overview...

The once and future threat: cold war secrets

By Omar Ha-Redeye
Ferris State Torch

America has the most extensive knowledge of bioterrorism in the world, and for good reason. We have had the opportunity over the past century to experiment and research on countless innocent Americans.

SNIP...

The CIA and military were also behind a half-a-million person epidemic of dengue hemorrhagic fever during 1981 and 1983 in El Salvador, Cuba and Nicaragua. Dengue was the primary focus of research at Fort Detrick prior to 1969.
A public interest group in 1987 charged the DOD to disclose the current operation of 127 biochemical research sites nationwide. In 1994 Sen. John D. Rockefeller disclosed the DOD had conducted hundreds of thousands of experiments on military personnel, including drugs during the Gulf War.

Dr. Garth Nicolson of the Anderson Cancer Center claimed in 1994 that 45 percent of Desert Storm veterans were infected with altered biological microbes under the guise of vaccinations. By 1997, 88 members of Congress requested a signed inquiry into bioterror use and the Gulf War Syndrome. Curiously, the Gulf War microbial synthetic structure contains 40 percent of HIV's protein coat.

SNIP...

In our latest and current war, the Taliban claims US forces have already used bioterrorist weapons on them. DOD's Rumsfeld calls the Taliban "accomplished liars." Stufflebeem claims they will poison their own wells to frame the United States. Historical integrity may suggest reasons for "aid" drops beyond urging Afghan insurgency and promoting good public relations.

CONTINUED...

http://www.ferris.edu/torch/Opinions/10-31-01.html

[Octafish]

59. Rhoads INJECTED Puerto Ricans with CANCER cells.

Rhoads really was an American NAZI all DUers should know:

In 1931, Dr. Cornelius Rhoads (sometimes spelled: "Rhode") began the Puerto Rican Cancer Experiment, under the auspices of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Investigations. Rhode infected Puerto Ricans -- human beings -- with cancer cells. He later goes on to establish the U.S. Army Biological Warfare facilities in Maryland, Utah, and Panama, and is named to the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. While there, he begins a series of radiation exposure experiments on American soldiers and civilian hospital patients ...

SOURCE: www.thetalkingdrum.com/experiments.html


THE PUERTO RICAN CANCER EXPERIMENT

In 1931, Cornelius Rhoads, a North American pathologist at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Investigations in San Juan, carried out a murderous "experiment" in which 13 Puerto Ricans died after being purposely infected with cancer. In a letter to another doctor, leaked to the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, Rhoads wrote: "the Porto Ricans are beyond doubt the dirtiest, laziest, most degenerate and thievish race of men ever inhabiting this sphere. It makes you sick to inhabit the same island with them.… What the island needs is not public health work, but a tidal wave or something to totally exterminate the population. It might then be liveable. I have done my best to further the process of extermination by killing off eight and transplanting cancer into several more. The latter has not resulted in any fatalities so far.... The matter of consideration for the patients' welfare plays no role here - in fact, all physicians take delight in the abuse and torture of the unfortunate subjects".

When the case was brought to the press by Don Pedro Albizu Campos (the Nationalist Party President), the North American Governor of Puerto Rico had a prosecutor investigate the charge. Rhoads never denied writing the letter, but despite evidence proving that 13 patients had died, eight of whom were treated by Rhoads, the prosecutor exonerated Rhoads, calling him merely "a mentally ill person or a man with few scruples."

However, this "mentally ill person" went on to direct the establishment of US Army chemical warfare laboratories in Maryland, Utah, and the Panama Canal Zone, for which he was awarded the Legion of Merit in 1945. That same year, Rhoads was appointed to the staff of the US Atomic Energy Commission. The Commission was at that time carrying out radiation experiments on unwitting prisoners, hospital patients and soldiers.

Meanwhile, a 1950 Puerto Rican Nationalist insurrection led to the arrest of hundreds of activists, including Don Pedro Albizu. The prisoners later charged they were experimented on with drugs. According to Nationalist Party leaders, Rhoads was finally getting his revenge for Albizu's earlier murder charge. Albizu was denounced by US and local colonial officials as a lunatic, but doctors eventually supported his charges. His health steadily deteriorated, and he died shortly after his release from prison in 1965. Subsequent documents have supported both his original murder charges and his allegations of radiation poisoning.

SOURCE:

http://www.wakeupmag.co.uk/articles/biochem.htm

Gee. Cancer cell injections. That's what Jack Ruby said did him in.

Bet old Rockefeller liked Rhoads. So must've the Harrimans, etc. Bushes too. Wonder if Vannevar Bush did?

[BrklynLiberal]

34. kick Nominating for greatest

[Octafish]

47. Thanks, Brooklyn! Here's where Harriman (Bush and Dulles) comes in...

Here's a bit on how things got to be this way. What bothers me is so many of these NAZI turds are still with us today, most working in the dark.

Eugenics: the California connection to Nazi policies

SF Chronicle
Mon, 10 Nov 2003

On Sunday, Nov 9, the San Francisco Chronicle published an extraordinary, most informative article by Edwin Black, that sheds light on the role played by the American eugenics movement in the Nazi extermination policy. Eugenics is a pseudoscience whose purported aim is to "improve" the human race, while eliminating that portion of the race that eugenicists deem "undesirable." The article is adapted from Black’s recently released book, "War Against the Weak," published by Four Walls Eight Windows.

Black shows that American eugenics played a decisive role in the adoption of racist and even lethal public policies in the US and then in Germany. Black writes: "Eugenics would have been so much bizarre parlor talk had it not been for extensive financing by corporate philanthropies, specifically the Carnegie Institution, the Rockefeller Foundation and the Harriman railroad fortune. They were all in league with some of America's most respected scientists from such prestigious universities as Stanford, Yale, Harvard and Princeton. These academicians espoused race theory and race science, and then faked and twisted data to serve eugenics' racist aims."

SNIP...

"The Harriman railroad fortune paid local charities, such as the New York Bureau of Industries and Immigration, to seek out Jewish, Italian and other immigrants in New York and other crowded cities and subject them to deportation, confinement or forced sterilization."

The influence of American eugenicists was even more sinister. American eugenicists influenced the Nazi sterilization, experimentation, and extermination policies--including the medical atrocities first conducted on institutionalized disabled human beings--adults and children. What's more, the scions of American philanthropy financed German eugenicists and actively supported their pseudoscientific research institutes.

Therefore, no useful discussion about medical and behavioral research ethics can take place without an examination of the American eugenics movement. Yet, American bioethicists have studiously avoided a critical analysis of the eugenics movement, its lethal ideology, and its inevitably lethal "solutions." By their silence, American bioethics seem to be attesting to the lingering, but covert influence of eugenics within the American healthcare and research community.

CONTINUED...

http://www.ahrp.org/infomail/03/11/10.php

[Wilms]

35. kick n/t

[Octafish]

60. You're a pal, Wilms! Here's where Poppy Bush comes in...

A neat link from DUer Beam Me Up...

PROCTER & GAMBLE - The links with the US eugenics movement

Eugenics

One of the most alarming of the Elite's doctrines is that of eugenics - controlling human reproduction in order to reduce the number of those that the Elite perceive as inferior to create a 'master race' with 'desirable' genetic characteristics. Eugenics had its highest public profile in Nazi Germany but the policies began a long time before Hitler and are continuing to the present day.

SNIP...

The First International Congress of Eugenics was held in London in 1912 and was attended by a certain Winston Churchill. By 1917, fifteen US states had eugenics laws to sterilise epileptics, the mentally ill and regular criminals. On the agenda of the Third International Congress in 1932 was the 'problem' of African-Americans which, according to the delegates, revealed a need to sterilise to 'cut off bad stock'. At this meeting were several Nazis, including Dr Ernst Rudin, who had been enabled to attend by the Hamburg-Amerika Shipping Line, owned by the Harriman and Bush families. On returning to Germany, Rudin, who was funded by the Rockefellers, supervised the policy of sterilising those who were retarded, deaf, blind or alcoholics.

SNIP....

George Bush is a major voice in the eugenics movement and is surrounded by like-minded people - Boyden Gray (his legal advisor) and William Draper III (head of fund-raising for his 1980 presidential campaign). Draper's grandfather had unsuccessfully urged eugenics policies on Eisenhower before convincing Johnson to adopt them. In 1969 Bush was involved in hearings into the 'dangers of too many black babies' and when he became ambassador to the UN in 1972 he arranged for the Association of Voluntary Surgical Contraception (formerly the Sterilisation League) to extend its policy of sterilising young children with 'low' IQ to non-white countries. This was further extended when Bush became president in 1988.

CONTINUED...

http://www.trunkerton.fsnet.co.uk/Eugenics.htm

It looks to me that the BFEE wants to get rid of about 95-percent of the world's population. They're getting a head start doing a bang-up job overseas. Once conditions are "right," they'll start on the Liberals at home.

[oasis]

36. Kick.

[Octafish]

49. Thanks, oasis. Remember when Poppy mentioned the "Little Brown Ones"?

When things are right and people white, Poppy likes what he sees...

Everyone's Loco for the Latino Bush They Call 'P'
Gorgeous George

BY RUSSELL CONTRERAS
August 11, 2000:

A Latino voter registration drive in Aurora, Ill., last month was nothing to write home about -- until George P. Bush mamboed into town and livened things up a bit. As with all the cities he's visited to promote Uncle George W. for president, the son of Florida Gov. Jeb Bush and his Mexican-born wife, Columba, offered the crowd his much-practiced stump speech, filled with fluffy, feel-good rhetoric. "If we don't register and don't vote, national leaders will not be aware of our point of view," the 24-year heir to the Bush dynasty told the crowd of cheering high school students. After the talk, young doe-eyed Hispanic females raced to take photos with the Bush nephew, the one People magazine added to its list of 100 most eligible bachelors. Reporters crowded around the sports-handsome Bush and tossed out some puff questions, while photographers focused their cameras on the guy some GOP boosters call the "Ricky Martin of politics."

SNIP...

'The Little Brown Ones'

One would think that George P. has spent a lifetime extolling his "I'm-Brown-and-Proud" message. That's news to some of his former classmates at Rice University in Houston. There were Hispanic campus groups and events that promoted Latino pride and heritage in his era. But the GOP's new "genie in a bottle" was nowhere among them. More importantly, some of his former Latino classmates remember a rich boy who, in contrast to his current assignment, steered clear of virtually all things Latino.

Ten years before his Rice graduation, George P. and the other grandchildren of the elder George Bush made their first mark on the national scene. Bush, in a presidential race against Democrat Michael Dukakis, was yearning to show off the grandkids to President Ronald Reagan, arriving for the GOP convention in New Orleans. Unaware of the media microphones picking up his comments, Bush pointed the family out to Reagan as he said, "That's Jebby's kids from Florida, the little brown ones."

SOURCE:

http://www.austinchronicle.com/issues/dispatch/2000-08-11/pols_feature2.html

[Wilms]

37. Keep it kicked n/t

[oasis]

38. kick

[Igel]

41. Ever hear of calomel. The bastards, poisoning people like that.

Must have been intentional. How could they have not known better?

Back to radiation. Many early researchers--including many from the '30s--died of cancer, as well, from radiation.

And a number of phonetics research subjects developed cancer from microbeam x-ray studies in the '50s. Were the linguists evil that conducted the research? No, they didn't realize that x-rays caused damage to cells which led to cancer. On the other hand, the films that resulted from the microbeam studies are fascinating.

[Octafish]

51. Please help.

I hadn't heard about the Hg2Cl2 stuff until you mentioned it. Please post some more info. It's important to get the Truth out -- and pin the blame on the Octopus.

Here's where I got started:

Mercury absorbed from dental amalgam is rapidly taken up by the heart tissue, in even greater amounts and more rapidly than that which is absorbed into the brain. Mercury specifically derived from dental amalgam fillings also influence heart function by accumulating in the brain, pituitary, thyroid, and adrenals, and are also target organs after exposure to mercury vapor. Among the earliest widespread indications of the cardiovascular effects of mercury were in victims of Acrodynia, a disease syndrome known to be caused by mercury, and was diagnosed primarily in children who were being exposed to various mercury compounds, mostly a mercurous chloride compound called Calomel, which was commonly used as a teething powder and to combat “diaper rash.” In 1952, it was found that Calomel (mercurous chloride) enhanced the influence of epinephrine (adrenaline) in constricting arteries and causing high blood pressure and tachychardia in children.

SOURCE:

http://tuberose.com/Heart_Disease.html

[MsAnthropy]

42. Remember those x-ray machines in shoestores?

They would x-ray children's feet to fit them with shoes. I shiver every time I think about how many times I played on that machine when I was a kid.

[Octafish]

52. No. I had no idea.

It's remarkable, looking back with what we now know. People then had little or no idea of the health danger from radiation.



Aagh!

Source: http://www.mtn.org/quack/devices/shoexray.htm

OTOH: The BFEE (War Party) has no excuse for using America's children as guinea pigs.

Eugenics - through World War II

Eugenics is a common link between perpetrators who have created a climate of surveillance and harassment -- visible in the racist and anti-activist agenda of J. Edgar Hoover who shaped the FBI; in the self-serving industrialist eugenics of powerful industrialists; in the influence of eugenic attitudes towards the "socially unfit" in shaping British foreign policy; and in the possibility that US Government importation of Nazi scientists after World War II (See Operation Paperclip) contributed to a climate of harassment of and experimentation on minorities, artists of all kinds, activists, leaders, spiritual leaders, and veterans.

Eric Adler "Missourian played key role in old-time eugenics movement" The Kansas City Star, April 27, 2002 --

http://www.kansascity.com/mld/kansascitystar/3147551.htm1

..."It was Laughlin, too, who in 1924 would be instrumental in altering the ethnic make-up of the United States. As Congress' chosen 'expert eugenics agent,' he offered 'scientific' testimony as to why the United States should pass the Immigration Restriction Act..Used in part to deny access to thousands of European Jews hoping to escape Nazi Germany, the law endured until the 1960s..."

The World War II continuation of immigration policies that turned away thousands of Jewish people who later died in the Holocaust can also be partially laid at the feet of Vannever Bush, who although he fired Laughlin as head of Cold Spring Harbor because his scientific methods weren't good, encouraged him to testify in 1939 to the Senate Immigration Committee, writing him, according to Edwin Black, "'One has to express opnions when he appears in this sort of inquiry, and I believe that yours will be found to be a conservative and well-founded estimate of the situation facing the committee.' Bush added that he had personally reviewed Laughlin's prior testimony and felt it was 'certainly well handled and valuable.'" (War Against the Weak 393-94)

SOURCE (w/loads o' links):

Judy Malloy: Revelations of Secret Surveillance: Resources and Advocacy

http://www.well.com/user/jmalloy/gunterandgwen/resources.html#refs14

[Wilms]

50. .

[Wilms]

54. kick n/t

[Octafish]

55. Thanks, Wilms! Remember "The Bell Curve"? That was some neo-NAZI stuff.

The Bell Curve and Eugenics (© 1995)
By Michael Swanson <[email protected]>
20 October, 1995

EXCERPT...

Now a new and controversial book, titled The Bell Curve, is challenging these fundamental beliefs. The authors, Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray, claim that inherited intelligence and not environment or class is the main determiner of what a person can make out of their life. They say that "success or failure in the American economy, and all that goes with it, are increasingly a matter of the genes that people inherit." The poor are poor not because they are unlucky to be born poor, but because they were not lucky enough to have inherited good genes. They also assert that IQ scores are the most reliable way of measuring intelligence or cognitive ability and that IQ cannot be improved. They argue that America is separating itself into a class of high a IQ "cognitive elite" and an inferior class with low IQ. A low IQ is a predictor of crime, poverty, unemployment, and government dependency while a high IQ is a predictor of wealth and stability. The Bell Curve uses data to justify an overhauling of social policy and says that great cutbacks in social programs are needed because they subsidize the growth of the lower intelligence population. "The ranks of the cognitively inferior, they assert, are disproportionately filled with blacks, Latinos, and today's immigrants. And that's a serious disadvantage because low IQ- not education or opportunity- is the key factor underlying problems ranging from poverty and criminal behavior to out of wedlock births and being a bad parent." Because of the book's controversial ideas it has received a large amount of press attention. Bill Clinton denounced it and said that he was "outraged by the thrust of the book." Over 100 magazine and newspaper articles have been written about it, most of them being unfavorable. The New Republic and National Review both devoted entire issues to the book. Although most commentary on it has been negative, Forbes and the National Review reviewed it favorably. According to a lead editorial in the National Review: "A howling mob of liberal commentators not knowing what in hell they are talking about is a dispiriting spectacle, and media reaction to the Herrnstein-Murray book has been infinitely depressing." Is the media attacking the book because of a liberal bias as the National Review suggests or is it really flawed? Only by examining The Bell Curve's data and arguments can one make an independent determination.

The basis of their arguments rely on their beliefs on intelligence and IQ.

According to The Bell Curve:

* "IQ scores match, to a first degree, whatever it is that people mean when they use the word intelligent or smart in ordinary language."

* "Properly administered IQ tests are not demonstrably biased against social, economic, ethnic, or racial groups."

* "The cognitive ability is substantially heritable, apparently no less than 40 percent and no more than 80 percent."

The authors assert that these beliefs are "beyond technical dispute" and give the impression that they are readily accepted in academics and science, but this really isn't so. Is IQ really an accurate measure of intelligence or is it just an attempt to define intelligence, perhaps inadequately? The authors skip this question. Stephen Gould asks, "How can the authors base an 800 page book on a claim for the reality of IQ as measuring a genuine, largely, genetic, general cognitive ability - and then hardly discuss either pro or con, the theoretical basis for their certainty?"

SNIP...

Herrnstein and Murray labor for over eight chapters to prove that low IQ is the cause of poverty and low status. They do so by taking the unbiased government study titled National Longitudinal Survey of Labor Market Experience of Youth (NLSY) and the Armed Forces Aptitude test as the major sources for their data. "The NLSY survey included more than 12,000 youngsters, who were aged 14 to 22 when the continuing study began in 1979. At the time the respondents or their parents gave information about their educations, occupations, incomes, answered those questions themselves. . . As they have grown older the respondents have provided more information about their own schooling, unemployment, poverty, marital status, childbearing, welfare dependency, criminality, parenting behavior, and so on." However, The Bell Curve gives the false impression that the Armed Forces Aptitude Test can be used to tie IQ with job and school performance. "Pentagon scientists who administer it say the test isn't even an IQ test. Scores rise with the amount of schooling test-takers have, notes Barnard M. Baruch College's June O'Neill, who uses the test to study such issues as workplace discrimination. So it's no surprise that test scores predict school performance."

CONTINUED...

http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/45/026.html

[Wilms]

56. .