Before 1967, the definition of Unemployed was
...all persons who did not work at all during the survey week and were looking for work, regardless of whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Also included as unemployed are those who did not work at all and (a) were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off; or (b) were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30 days (and were not in school during the survey week); or (c) would have been looking for work except that they were temporarily ill or believed no work was available in their line of work or in the community.
In 1967 the definition changed to
Unemployed persons comprise all persons who did not work during the survey week, who made specific efforts to find a job within the past 4 weeks, and who were available for work during the survey week (except for temporary illness). Also included as unemployed are those who did not work at all, were available for work, and (a) were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off; or (b) were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30 days.
It was then, not under Clinton as shadowstats falsely implies, that discouraged workers (those who claim they want a job and are available but aren't looking because they don't believe they'll find work) were excluded because it was too subjective and based on what people say they want instead of what they're actually doing.
In 1994 the definiton of Unemployment changed a little: removing "
were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30 days. from the category of people who don't have to be actively looking for work.
Also in 1994, the definiton of "discouraged worker" (which, again, was not at that time considered part of the labor force) was modified to add the requirement that the individual must have looked sometime in the last 12 months.
Also added was the new category of "marginally attached" which includes ALL people who say they want a job and are available and looked sometime in the last year regardless of reason for not looking. The U-6 includes these marginally attached, not just discouraged workers, and also people who are working part-time for economic reasons (the underemployed).
So what Mr. Williams is doing is taking the U-6 (which has never historically been used as an official measure anywhere) and then guessing how many people would say they want and are available to work but haven't looked in the last year and adding them on.
There's just no rational Statistical or Economic reason to do this except to distort the real numbers to make things look worse.
I posted a fuller explanation of the numbers and why to use the different measures
http://www.democraticunderground.com/discuss/duboard.php?az=view_all&address=389x5213520">HERE