Race by itself is probably only a factor for a relatively small number of Republicans, who just don't like black people period. But race does enter into many of the other reasons too. Here's my take:
1) He's an upstart. Obama had a pretty thin record in politics. Contrast that with previous Democratic nominees like Gore and Kerry, who had long public records. Race matters here because of the perception that Obama was given a pass on this because of his race. Republicans don't operate that way. You have to work your way up to the Republican nomination (Bush was an exception here). But most previous Republican nominees (McCain, Dole, H-Dub, Reagan, etc.) all had very long records too. None of them got the nomination on their first try. Romney and Newt are similar here as well. Newt's been around for years and Romney already has one failed presidential bid under his belt.
2) The media. Some of the hatred of Obama is really hatred for the MSM and the notion of a public liberal establishment that guides discourse. Republicans believe the media is biased against them and that the MSM foisted Obama upon the country. It's always easier to have a tangible human target for your hate, so some of that is directed at him instead of a diffuse entity like the media. Again, this is partly about race too. There's a perception that political correctness is the reason the media championed him.
3) He's a Democrat. That may be the biggest one. Republicans have never been know for their love of prominent Democrats, who by definition have to make their names opposing Republicans. It's how the system works. They also hate Clinton, Reid, Pelosi, etc. too.
4) He's on top. Haters gonna hate, as it were. When you're on top, you're a lightning rod. That's got nothing to do with race or even with being a Democrat. He's the most famous person in the country, so he's going to get a lot of hate no matter what.
5) Reverend Wright and all that he implies. This actually mattered a lot more than people think. One reason we tend to forget about it is that the McCain campaign did not go after him on this as much as they could have in the general. Republicans usually view themselves as patriots. They do not appreciate people like Wright (or anybody else on the left, for that matter) who blame America for its problems and strongly criticize American society and foreign policy. That's just not their bag.
Personally, I think that Wright was something of a tool for Obama - a way to gain legitimacy in a Chicago black community that he tried to break into (unsuccessfully at first, if you take into account his loss to Bobby Rush and the fact that the Chicago black political establishment resented his state senate victory and initially shunned him in Springfield). Some people on the right would agree with my take that it was a rather cynical thing. Others would argue that he really agreed with Wright on everything. Either way they can use it as reason not to like him. Obviously race is a big part of this one, but it's not entirely about race either. They harped on his connections to William Ayers for essentially the same reasons.
There are probably many more, but I can't think of them all now.
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