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This question was asked by somebody in another thread; what follows is my somewhat expanded reply to the inquirer:
Nobody is saying $200k is "excessive"-- depending on what you do to earn it. There are things I wouldn't do for $200k a year.
I think what you're getting at is whether people who make a lot of money should pay more taxes. That is a complicated issue. First, recognize that people who make, say, $200k a year pay the same rate as everyone else on the first $50, 100, 150k of taxable income. If a new higher tax bracket is placed at $200k, only that portion of their total income above $200k is taxed at the higher rate.
And recognize that people are generally only talking about income and estate taxes when they get themselves all worked up about the unfair taxation of the rich. In today's system, someone who makes $100k pays the same amount into Social Security as does that $200k earner. They both pay the same sales tax on a tube of tooth paste. They both pay the same amount of property tax per dollar of assessed valuation. And, to the extent that the rich one's income derives from capital gains that they didn't work for, they will pay a lower rate than that $50k wage earner who had to actually go out and sweat for their bread. Warren Buffett summarized the situation nicely when he famously pointed out that his secretary pays a higher percentage of her income in taxes than he does.
And third, take note of the fact that the rich person is likely to make more use of government services than the poor one. Not only do the courts devote 90% of their resources to settling disputes among businesses, for the convenience of the owners, but the fire departments and police forces are primarily concerned with protecting the property of the rich. Even the streets in the rich part of town are likely to have fewer potholes than in the working-class neighborhoods so those Bentleys and Ferraris ride smoother and retain their resale value a bit better.
All in all, it's hard to see how the rich are going to be hurt much, or even be able to argue they are being treated unfairly in any sense, if they are asked to come forward with a few more cents on the dollar so that some less-fortunate people can have adequate health care.
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