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to do here. Didn't find a recent, useful specific study, but did goggle up a boatload of class action suits.
Could look further, or could estimate it myself, but methinks no one actually wants to know. First problem is actually estimating the amount of unpaid OT put in by exempt employees. Lotsa BLS numbers, but parsing them is a bit of a problem. Believing them is another problem. Most of this stuff comes from surveys.
Anecdotally, it seems programmers have been putting in up to 30% or more of their time for free. Lots of others in the same boat-- salaried managers, sales types, researchers...
And, how do you figure cab drivers, medical interns, waiters, contract employees, owner-operator truckers, free-lancers, small entrepreneurs and others who traditionally put in monstrously long hours? Someone started to compare the US to Germany, but the laws are so different no real comparison could be made.
Next, we have the hourly employees being screwed. Back when I was in the timeclock business, a "feature" was the automatic deduction of break time, and a few other cute ways to screw a minimum wage schlub out of 5 bucks a week. Aside from news stories about Wally-Mart, Petsmart and a few other places shafting their valued hourly associates, it's really tough to get a good feel for how much of this is really going on. It is illegal, after all and it's never easy to get info on illegal practices.
I'd do it the easy way-- take the aggregate personal income and add 20% to exempt employees and 10% to hourlies.
Comes out to a lot of money, and probably wouldn't be far off.
If we all got paid what we were owed, we wouldn't need that damn tax break.
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