http://www.doctorgarma.com/rst/aconitum_lycoctonum/Synonyms: Aconitum vulparia, Wolfbane.
Family: Ranunculaceae.
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Range: Asia, Himalayas. The Aconitum lycoctonum complex is a widespread yellow-flowered group of species found in central and southern Europe (Utelli, 1999).
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Botany description: The stem is erect and about 3 or 4 feet high, although in some favored situations it attains a height of 10 feet. The stem is smooth, except on the upper flowering portion, which is covered with a short pubescence. The leaves are orbicular in outline, and deeply three to five-lobed; the segments are acute, and coarsely and sharply toothed. The leaf stalks are 2 to 6 inches long. The flowers appear in August or September, and are borne in a terminal loose raceme. They have the usual odd aconite shape, and can be recognized at once. They are usually of a yellow color, but vary to nearly white in some instances. Sometimes plants are found with bronzed flowers.
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Chemical composition: This plant yielded Hubschmann two alkaloids, acolyctine (previously called by him napelline) in powdered form, and lycoctonine in crystalline needles. According to Fluckiger, it is identical with neither aconitine nor pseudaconitine. Wright regards lycoctonine as identical with aconine, and acolyctine with pseudaconine. Dragendorff and Spohn, on the contrary, state the constituents of this plant to be lycaconitine (C27H34N2O6.2H2O), and myoctonine (C27H30N2O8.5H2O), the former of which, when boiled with water under pressure, splits into a volatile acid and lycoctonic acid (C17H18N2O7), and an alkaloid soluble in ether, lycaconine, and a second one, probably the acolyctine of Hubschmann, soluble in chloroform. Hubschmann's napelline is regarded by Mandel as a mixture of aconine and aconitine in variable amounts. The status of the constituents of the several aconites does not seem as yet to be well understood. The structures of two new lycoctonine-type alkaloids having an acetoxy group at C-6, 6-O-acetyldemethylenedelcorine and 6-O-acetyl-14-O-methyldelphinifoline, isolated from the flowers of Aconitum lycoctonum, were determined by spectroscopic analysis. In addition, 14-O-methyldelphinifoline gigactonine and lycoctonine, were obtained (Chen, Katz, 1999).
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Action: Analgesic, Antiinflammatory, Antiperiodic, Aphrodisiac, Astringent, Cholagogue, Febrifuge, Tonic.
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Part Used: Root.
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Medicinal Uses: Formerly used in medieval witch potions, it was considered a sure charm for protection against attack by werewolves. This might prove helpful if one lives in a city.
Caution - one of the deadliest plants known, do not ingest any part.
Gerard (1636) stated that chewing a few of the flowers caused burning and swelling of the gums and tongue. He reported the case of a medical student who tasted a root that hogs had turned up; the student's mouth, tongue and lips swelled very extremely so that he could not speak.
In this moment its plant used to treat uterine cancer, local anaesthesia.
Disorder of the heart.
Homeopathy: tonsillitis, fevers, cardiac conditions, glandular problems, neuralgia.