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I have my problems with the drinking age, but as has been said, that's another issue.
Liquor laws are on the whole insane and inequitable. The biggest problem from the business owner's point of view is that there is little to distinguish between the crime of intentionally selling to someone underage, accidentally selling due to carelessness, and selling due to the fraudulent actions of the buyer.
This varies from state to state, but consider Oklahoma, where I ran a liquor store for 7 years. If someone issued a false identification to me in order to purchase liquor that I did not identify and was later caught by the police, this is what could happen:
1) The individual with the false identification would have the ID confiscated and could be charged with a misdemeanor. The maximum fine would be $500.
2) I, as the seller, could have my license revoked, which means I would lose my job and be unable to acquire work in any establishment where liquor is sold ever again in my entire life. I could be charged with a felony, thus losing my right to vote, fined a maximum of $5000, and imprisoned 1-5 years.
It would not matter whether I sold to the underage individual intentionally or whether I failed to identify a false identification. (And let me tell you, spotting some of these false ID's is next to impossible without examining them under a magnifying glass.)
In reality, what would likely happen is this. The buyer caught by the police would, if it were a first or second offense, be given a warning provided the individual identified where s/he purchased the alcohol. I, on a first offense, would be issued a fine of $2500 and charged with a misdemeanor. A note would be placed in my licensing record that would count against me at the time I renewed my license. If I'd committed any other crime prior to requesting a renewal, even something as minor as a traffic violation, this could cause me to lose my license.
On a second offense, again regardless of the circumstances of the sale, I'd go to jail. The buyer would still be hit with nothing worse than a misdemeanor.
In my time working in the liquor business, I never knowingly sold to someone underage, and I was never accused of doing such. So, this is not sour grapes talking here. But, I was lucky. It's one of the reasons I got out of the business. I wasn't being paid to be an enforcement officer for the ABLE commission, but the way the laws are written, that was, in effect, by job.
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