Mexico Runs on Sidewalk Economy
By Marla Dickerson, Times Staff Writer
More than a decade after the landmark North American Free Trade Agreement transformed Mexico into an exporting powerhouse, the nation's formal economy of on-the-books businesses and workers who pay taxes is dramatically losing ground to the underground sector.
From 2000 to 2004, the underground economy was Mexico's sole source of employment growth, and it's getting bigger all the time. Some economists estimate that as many as half the nation's workers eke out a living in subsistence jobs such as street hawkers and day laborers because there is nothing for them in the legitimate economy and no safety net for the jobless....
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The underground sector provides cheap goods and services for millions of low-income people, while giving Mexico an official jobless rate lower than that of the United States. Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, mayor of Mexico City and a 2006 presidential hopeful, credits that entrepreneurial grit for easing tensions in a nation whose formal sector is creating far fewer than the 1 million jobs a year needed just to keep pace with population growth.
But business leaders complain that entire industries are being lost to pirates and off-the-books entrepreneurs. It's costing Mexico big-time in terms of lost tax revenue and formal-sector jobs. Mexico's urban areas are also feeling the heat from the explosion of ambulant vendors, pitting residents' quality of life against peddlers' need to scratch out a living.
The friction is most evident in Mexico City, where an estimated 500,000 itinerant vendors ply their trade, hawking phone cards at traffic lights, bootleg CDs in the subway and snacks from kitchens set up on the sidewalks....
http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-vendors9may09,0,6639905.story?coll=la-home-headlines